Checkstyle passing

arrays/ArrayCopying.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import static onjava.ArrayShow.*;
 
 class Sup { // Superclass
   private int id;
-  public Sup(int n) { id = n; }
+  Sup(int n) { id = n; }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
     return getClass().getSimpleName() + id;
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class Sup { // Superclass
 }
 
 class Sub extends Sup { // Subclass
-  public Sub(int n) { super(n); }
+  Sub(int n) { super(n); }
 }
 
 public class ArrayCopying {

arrays/SimpleSetAll.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import static onjava.ArrayShow.*;
 
 class Bob {
   final int id;
-  public Bob(int n) { id = n; }
+  Bob(int n) { id = n; }
   @Override
   public String toString() { return "Bob" + id; }
 }

check.bat

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 cp ..\..\OnJava-Tools\verify_output.py .
-python verify_output.py
+py -3 verify_output.py

chkstyle.bat

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-gradlew clean
+@echo run gradlew clean first!
 gradlew checkstyleMain 1> checkstyleout.txt 2>&1

collections/AdapterMethodIdiom.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 import java.util.*;
 
 class ReversibleArrayList<T> extends ArrayList<T> {
-  public ReversibleArrayList(Collection<T> c) {
+  ReversibleArrayList(Collection<T> c) {
     super(c);
   }
   public Iterable<T> reversed() {

collectiontopics/CanonicalMapping.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 class Element {
   private String ident;
-  public Element(String id) { ident = id; }
+  Element(String id) { ident = id; }
   @Override
   public String toString() { return ident; }
   @Override
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ class Element {
 }
 
 class Key extends Element {
-  public Key(String id) { super(id); }
+  Key(String id) { super(id); }
 }
 
 class Value extends Element {
-  public Value(String id) { super(id); }
+  Value(String id) { super(id); }
 }
 
 public class CanonicalMapping {

collectiontopics/FillingLists.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 class StringAddress {
   private String s;
-  public StringAddress(String s) { this.s = s; }
+  StringAddress(String s) { this.s = s; }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
     return super.toString() + " " + s;

collectiontopics/References.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class VeryBig {
   private static final int SIZE = 10000;
   private long[] la = new long[SIZE];
   private String ident;
-  public VeryBig(String id) { ident = id; }
+  VeryBig(String id) { ident = id; }
   @Override
   public String toString() { return ident; }
   @Override

collectiontopics/SimpleDeques.java

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import java.util.function.*;
 
 class CountString implements Supplier<String> {
   private int n = 0;
-  public CountString() {}
-  public CountString(int start) { n = start; }
+  CountString() {}
+  CountString(int start) { n = start; }
   @Override
   public String get() {
     return Integer.toString(n++);

collectiontopics/ToDoList.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class ToDoItem implements Comparable<ToDoItem> {
   private char primary;
   private int secondary;
   private String item;
-  public ToDoItem(String td, char pri, int sec) {
+  ToDoItem(String td, char pri, int sec) {
     primary = pri;
     secondary = sec;
     item = td;

collectiontopics/TypesForSets.java

@@ -6,11 +6,10 @@
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.function.*;
 import java.util.Objects;
-import onjava.CountMap;
 
 class SetType {
   protected int i;
-  public SetType(int n) { i = n; }
+  SetType(int n) { i = n; }
   @Override
   public boolean equals(Object o) {
     return o instanceof SetType &&
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ class SetType {
 }
 
 class HashType extends SetType {
-  public HashType(int n) { super(n); }
+  HashType(int n) { super(n); }
   @Override
   public int hashCode() {
     return Objects.hashCode(i);
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ class HashType extends SetType {
 
 class TreeType extends SetType
 implements Comparable<TreeType> {
-  public TreeType(int n) { super(n); }
+  TreeType(int n) { super(n); }
   @Override
   public int compareTo(TreeType arg) {
     return Integer.compare(arg.i, i);

concurrent/CatchCompletableExceptions.java

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 // We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
-import onjava.Nap;
 
 public class CatchCompletableExceptions {
   static void handleException(int failcount) {

concurrent/CompletableExceptions.java

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 // We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
-import onjava.Nap;
 
 public class CompletableExceptions {
   static CompletableFuture<Breakable>

concurrent/CompletablePizza.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 import onjava.Timer;
 
 public class CompletablePizza {
-  static int QUANTITY = 5;
+  static final int QUANTITY = 5;
   public static CompletableFuture<Pizza>
   makeCF(Pizza za) {
     return CompletableFuture

concurrent/FrostedCake.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import java.util.stream.*;
 import onjava.Nap;
 
-class Frosting {
+final class Frosting {
   private Frosting() {}
   static CompletableFuture<Frosting> make() {
     new Nap(0.1);

concurrent/IDChecker.java

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
 
 public class IDChecker {
-  public static int SIZE = 100_000;
+  public static final int SIZE = 100_000;
   static class MakeObjects
   implements Supplier<List<Integer>> {
     private Supplier<HasID> gen;
-    public MakeObjects(Supplier<HasID> gen) {
+    MakeObjects(Supplier<HasID> gen) {
       this.gen = gen;
     }
     @Override

concurrent/PizzaParallelSteps.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 import onjava.Timer;
 
 public class PizzaParallelSteps {
-  static int QUANTITY = 5;
+  static final int QUANTITY = 5;
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     Timer timer = new Timer();
     IntStream.range(0, QUANTITY)

concurrent/PizzaStreams.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 import onjava.Timer;
 
 public class PizzaStreams {
-  static int QUANTITY = 5;
+  static final int QUANTITY = 5;
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     Timer timer = new Timer();
     IntStream.range(0, QUANTITY)

concurrent/SharedConstructorArgument.java

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class Safe implements SharedArg {
 
 class SharedUser implements HasID {
   private final int id;
-  public SharedUser(SharedArg sa) {
+  SharedUser(SharedArg sa) {
     id = sa.get();
   }
   @Override

concurrent/StreamExceptions.java

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import java.util.stream.*;
-import onjava.Nap;
 
 public class StreamExceptions {
   static Stream<Breakable>

concurrent/SynchronizedConstructor.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class SyncConstructor implements HasID {
   private final int id;
   private static Object
     constructorLock = new Object();
-  public SyncConstructor(SharedArg sa) {
+  SyncConstructor(SharedArg sa) {
     synchronized(constructorLock) {
       id = sa.get();
     }

concurrent/SynchronizedFactory.java

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
 
-class SyncFactory implements HasID {
+final class SyncFactory implements HasID {
   private final int id;
   private SyncFactory(SharedArg sa) {
     id = sa.get();

enums/VendingMachine.java

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ class RandomInputSupplier implements Supplier<Input> {
 // Create Inputs from a file of ';'-separated strings:
 class FileInputSupplier implements Supplier<Input> {
   private Iterator<String> input;
-  public FileInputSupplier(String fileName) {
+  FileInputSupplier(String fileName) {
     try {
       input = Files.lines(Paths.get(fileName))
         .skip(1) // Skip the comment line

equalshashcode/ComposedEquality.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 class Part {
   String ss;
   double dd;
-  public Part(String ss, double dd) {
+  Part(String ss, double dd) {
     this.ss = ss;
     this.dd = dd;
   }

equalshashcode/DefaultComparison.java

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 class DefaultComparison {
   private int i, j, k;
-  public DefaultComparison(int i, int j, int k) {
+  DefaultComparison(int i, int j, int k) {
     this.i = i;
     this.j = j;
     this.k = k;

equalshashcode/SubtypeEquality.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class Animal {
   private final int id = counter++;
   private final String name;
   private final Size size;
-  public Animal(String name, Size size) {
+  Animal(String name, Size size) {
     this.name = name;
     this.size = size;
   }
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ class Animal {
 }
 
 class Dog extends Animal {
-  public Dog(String name, Size size) {
+  Dog(String name, Size size) {
     super(name, size);
   }
 }
 
 class Pig extends Animal {
-  public Pig(String name, Size size) {
+  Pig(String name, Size size) {
     super(name, size);
   }
 }

equalshashcode/SubtypeEquality2.java

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import java.util.*;
 
 class Dog2 extends Animal {
-  public Dog2(String name, Size size) {
+  Dog2(String name, Size size) {
     super(name, size);
   }
   @Override
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class Dog2 extends Animal {
 }
 
 class Pig2 extends Animal {
-  public Pig2(String name, Size size) {
+  Pig2(String name, Size size) {
     super(name, size);
   }
   @Override

exceptions/AutoCloseableDetails.java

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 class Reporter implements AutoCloseable {
   String name = getClass().getSimpleName();
-  public Reporter() {
+  Reporter() {
     System.out.println("Creating " + name);
   }
   public void close() {

exceptions/CleanupIdiom.java

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class ConstructionException extends Exception {}
 
 class NeedsCleanup2 extends NeedsCleanup {
   // Construction can fail:
-  public NeedsCleanup2() throws ConstructionException {}
+  NeedsCleanup2() throws ConstructionException {}
 }
 
 public class CleanupIdiom {

exceptions/CloseExceptions.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class CloseException extends Exception {}
 
 class Reporter2 implements AutoCloseable {
   String name = getClass().getSimpleName();
-  public Reporter2() {
+  Reporter2() {
     System.out.println("Creating " + name);
   }
   public void close() throws CloseException {

exceptions/ConstructorException.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 class CE extends Exception {}
 
 class SecondExcept extends Reporter {
-  public SecondExcept() throws CE {
+  SecondExcept() throws CE {
     super();
     throw new CE();
   }

exceptions/ExtraFeatures.java

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 class MyException2 extends Exception {
   private int x;
-  public MyException2() {}
-  public MyException2(String msg) { super(msg); }
-  public MyException2(String msg, int x) {
+  MyException2() {}
+  MyException2(String msg) { super(msg); }
+  MyException2(String msg, int x) {
     super(msg);
     this.x = x;
   }

exceptions/FullConstructors.java

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 
 class MyException extends Exception {
-  public MyException() {}
-  public MyException(String msg) { super(msg); }
+  MyException() {}
+  MyException(String msg) { super(msg); }
 }
 
 public class FullConstructors {

exceptions/LoggingExceptions.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import java.io.*;
 class LoggingException extends Exception {
   private static Logger logger =
     Logger.getLogger("LoggingException");
-  public LoggingException() {
+  LoggingException() {
     StringWriter trace = new StringWriter();
     printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(trace));
     logger.severe(trace.toString());

exceptions/RethrowNew.java

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 // Rethrow a different object from the one you caught
 
 class OneException extends Exception {
-  public OneException(String s) { super(s); }
+  OneException(String s) { super(s); }
 }
 
 class TwoException extends Exception {
-  public TwoException(String s) { super(s); }
+  TwoException(String s) { super(s); }
 }
 
 public class RethrowNew {

exceptions/StormyInning.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class Foul extends BaseballException {}
 class Strike extends BaseballException {}
 
 abstract class Inning {
-  public Inning() throws BaseballException {}
+  Inning() throws BaseballException {}
   public void event() throws BaseballException {
     // Doesn't actually have to throw anything
   }

functional/FunctionVariants.java

@@ -8,26 +8,26 @@ class Foo {}
 
 class Bar {
   Foo f;
-  public Bar(Foo f) { this.f = f; }
+  Bar(Foo f) { this.f = f; }
 }
 
 class IBaz {
   int i;
-  public IBaz(int i) {
+  IBaz(int i) {
     this.i = i;
   }
 }
 
 class LBaz {
   long l;
-  public LBaz(long l) {
+  LBaz(long l) {
     this.l = l;
   }
 }
 
 class DBaz {
   double d;
-  public DBaz(double d) {
+  DBaz(double d) {
     this.d = d;
   }
 }

functional/MethodReferences.java

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public class MethodReferences {
   }
   static class Description {
     String about;
-    public Description(String desc) { about = desc; }
+    Description(String desc) { about = desc; }
     void help(String msg) { // [4]
       System.out.println(about + " " + msg);
     }

generics/DynamicProxyMixin.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import static onjava.Tuple.*;
 class MixinProxy implements InvocationHandler {
   Map<String, Object> delegatesByMethod;
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-  public MixinProxy(Tuple2<Object, Class<?>>... pairs) {
+  MixinProxy(Tuple2<Object, Class<?>>... pairs) {
     delegatesByMethod = new HashMap<>();
     for(Tuple2<Object, Class<?>> pair : pairs) {
       for(Method method : pair.a2.getMethods()) {

generics/FactoryConstraint.java

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class IntegerFactory implements Supplier<Integer> {
 
 class Widget {
   private int id;
-  public Widget(int n) { id = n; }
+  Widget(int n) { id = n; }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "Widget " + id;
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Fudge {
 
 class Foo2<T> {
   private List<T> x = new ArrayList<>();
-  public Foo2(Supplier<T> factory) {
+  Foo2(Supplier<T> factory) {
     Suppliers.fill(x, factory, 5);
   }
   @Override

generics/FilledList.java

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import java.util.*;
 import java.util.function.*;
 import onjava.*;
 
-class FilledList<T> extends ArrayList<T> {
-  public FilledList(Supplier<T> gen, int size) {
+public class FilledList<T> extends ArrayList<T> {
+  FilledList(Supplier<T> gen, int size) {
     Suppliers.fill(this, gen, size);
   }
   public FilledList(T t, int size) {

generics/GenericCast.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class FixedSizeStack<T> {
   private final int size;
   private Object[] storage;
   private int index = 0;
-  public FixedSizeStack(int size) {
+  FixedSizeStack(int size) {
     this.size = size;
     storage = new Object[size];
   }

generics/InstantiateGenericType.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import java.util.function.*;
 
 class ClassAsFactory<T> implements Supplier<T> {
   Class<T> kind;
-  public ClassAsFactory(Class<T> kind) {
+  ClassAsFactory(Class<T> kind) {
     this.kind = kind;
   }
   @Override

generics/Manipulation.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 class Manipulator<T> {
   private T obj;
-  public Manipulator(T x) { obj = x; }
+  Manipulator(T x) { obj = x; }
   // Error: cannot find symbol: method f():
   public void manipulate() { obj.f(); }
 }

generics/Manipulator2.java

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 
 class Manipulator2<T extends HasF> {
   private T obj;
-  public Manipulator2(T x) { obj = x; }
+  Manipulator2(T x) { obj = x; }
   public void manipulate() { obj.f(); }
 }

generics/Manipulator3.java

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 
 class Manipulator3 {
   private HasF obj;
-  public Manipulator3(HasF x) { obj = x; }
+  Manipulator3(HasF x) { obj = x; }
   public void manipulate() { obj.f(); }
 }

generics/Mixins.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ interface TimeStamped { long getStamp(); }
 
 class TimeStampedImp implements TimeStamped {
   private final long timeStamp;
-  public TimeStampedImp() {
+  TimeStampedImp() {
     timeStamp = new Date().getTime();
   }
   @Override

generics/ReturnGenericType.java

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 
 class ReturnGenericType<T extends HasF> {
   private T obj;
-  public ReturnGenericType(T x) { obj = x; }
+  ReturnGenericType(T x) { obj = x; }
   public T get() { return obj; }
 }

generics/Store.java

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ class Product {
   private final int id;
   private String description;
   private double price;
-  public
   Product(int idNumber, String descr, double price) {
     id = idNumber;
     description = descr;
@@ -37,13 +36,13 @@ class Product {
 }
 
 class Shelf extends ArrayList<Product> {
-  public Shelf(int nProducts) {
+  Shelf(int nProducts) {
     Suppliers.fill(this, Product.generator, nProducts);
   }
 }
 
 class Aisle extends ArrayList<Shelf> {
-  public Aisle(int nShelves, int nProducts) {
+  Aisle(int nShelves, int nProducts) {
     for(int i = 0; i < nShelves; i++)
       add(new Shelf(nProducts));
   }

generics/decorator/Decoration.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class Basic {
 
 class Decorator extends Basic {
   protected Basic basic;
-  public Decorator(Basic basic) { this.basic = basic; }
+  Decorator(Basic basic) { this.basic = basic; }
   @Override
   public void set(String val) { basic.set(val); }
   @Override
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class Decorator extends Basic {
 
 class TimeStamped extends Decorator {
   private final long timeStamp;
-  public TimeStamped(Basic basic) {
+  TimeStamped(Basic basic) {
     super(basic);
     timeStamp = new Date().getTime();
   }
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class TimeStamped extends Decorator {
 class SerialNumbered extends Decorator {
   private static long counter = 1;
   private final long serialNumber = counter++;
-  public SerialNumbered(Basic basic) { super(basic); }
+  SerialNumbered(Basic basic) { super(basic); }
   public long getSerialNumber() { return serialNumber; }
 }
 

innerclasses/AnonymousConstructor.java

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // Creating a constructor for an anonymous inner class
 
 abstract class Base {
-  public Base(int i) {
+  Base(int i) {
     System.out.println("Base constructor, i = " + i);
   }
   public abstract void f();

innerclasses/BigEgg.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class Egg {
       System.out.println("Egg.Yolk()");
     }
   }
-  public Egg() {
+  Egg() {
     System.out.println("New Egg()");
     y = new Yolk();
   }

innerclasses/BigEgg2.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class Egg2 {
     }
   }
   private Yolk y = new Yolk();
-  public Egg2() { System.out.println("New Egg2()"); }
+  Egg2() { System.out.println("New Egg2()"); }
   public void insertYolk(Yolk yy) { y = yy; }
   public void g() { y.f(); }
 }

innerclasses/LocalInnerClass.java

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public class LocalInnerClass {
   Counter getCounter(final String name) {
     // A local inner class:
     class LocalCounter implements Counter {
-      public LocalCounter() {
+      LocalCounter() {
         // Local inner class can have a constructor
         System.out.println("LocalCounter()");
       }

interfaces/Applicator.java

@@ -40,9 +40,8 @@ public class Applicator {
     System.out.println("Using Processor " + p.name());
     System.out.println(p.process(s));
   }
-  public static final String s =
-  "Disagreement with beliefs is by definition incorrect";
   public static void main(String[] args) {
+    String s = "We are such stuff as dreams are made on";
     apply(new Upcase(), s);
     apply(new Downcase(), s);
     apply(new Splitter(), s);
@@ -50,10 +49,9 @@ public class Applicator {
 }
 /* Output:
 Using Processor Upcase
-DISAGREEMENT WITH BELIEFS IS BY DEFINITION INCORRECT
+WE ARE SUCH STUFF AS DREAMS ARE MADE ON
 Using Processor Downcase
-disagreement with beliefs is by definition incorrect
+we are such stuff as dreams are made on
 Using Processor Splitter
-[Disagreement, with, beliefs, is, by, definition,
-incorrect]
+[We, are, such, stuff, as, dreams, are, made, on]
 */

interfaces/interfaceprocessor/FilterProcessor.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import interfaces.filters.*;
 
 class FilterAdapter implements Processor {
   Filter filter;
-  public FilterAdapter(Filter filter) {
+  FilterAdapter(Filter filter) {
     this.filter = filter;
   }
   @Override

lowlevel/DelayQueueDemo.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class DelayedTask implements Runnable, Delayed {
   private final long trigger;
   protected static List<DelayedTask> sequence =
     new ArrayList<>();
-  public DelayedTask(int delayInMilliseconds) {
+  DelayedTask(int delayInMilliseconds) {
     delta = delayInMilliseconds;
     trigger = System.nanoTime() +
       NANOSECONDS.convert(delta, MILLISECONDS);
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class DelayedTask implements Runnable, Delayed {
     return String.format("(%d:%d)", id, delta);
   }
   public static class EndTask extends DelayedTask {
-    public EndTask(int delay) { super(delay); }
+    EndTask(int delay) { super(delay); }
     @Override
     public void run() {
       sequence.forEach(dt ->

lowlevel/PriorityBlockingQueueDemo.java

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class Prioritized implements Comparable<Prioritized>  {
   private final int priority;
   private static List<Prioritized> sequence =
     new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
-  public Prioritized(int priority) {
+  Prioritized(int priority) {
     this.priority = priority;
     sequence.add(this);
   }
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Prioritized implements Comparable<Prioritized>  {
     }
   }
   public static class EndSentinel extends Prioritized {
-    public EndSentinel() { super(-1); }
+    EndSentinel() { super(-1); }
   }
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class Producer implements Runnable {
   private SplittableRandom rand =
     new SplittableRandom(seed.getAndAdd(10));
   private Queue<Prioritized> queue;
-  public Producer(Queue<Prioritized> q) {
+  Producer(Queue<Prioritized> q) {
     queue = q;
   }
   @Override
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ class Consumer implements Runnable {
   private PriorityBlockingQueue<Prioritized> q;
   private SplittableRandom rand =
     new SplittableRandom(47);
-  public
   Consumer(PriorityBlockingQueue<Prioritized> q) {
     this.q = q;
   }

lowlevel/SafeReturn.java

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 import java.util.function.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
-import onjava.TimedAbort;
 
 public class SafeReturn extends IntTestable {
   private int i = 0;

lowlevel/SynchronizedComparison.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class CriticalSection extends Guarded {
 
 class Caller implements Runnable {
   private Guarded g;
-  public Caller(Guarded g) { this.g = g; }
+  Caller(Guarded g) { this.g = g; }
   private AtomicLong successfulCalls =
     new AtomicLong();
   private AtomicBoolean stop =

lowlevel/UnsafeReturn.java

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 import java.util.function.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
-import onjava.TimedAbort;
 
 public class UnsafeReturn extends IntTestable {
   private int i = 0;

newio/MappedIO.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ public class MappedIO {
   private static int numOfUbuffInts = 100_000;
   private abstract static class Tester {
     private String name;
-    public Tester(String name) {
+    Tester(String name) {
       this.name = name;
     }
     public void runTest() {

onjava/Count.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import java.util.function.*;
 import static onjava.ConvertTo.*;
 
 public interface Count {
-  public static class Boolean
+  class Boolean
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Boolean> {
     private boolean b = true;
     @Override
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pboolean {
+  class Pboolean {
     private boolean b = true;
     public boolean get() {
       b = !b;
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return primitive(new Boolean().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Byte
+  class Byte
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Byte> {
     private byte b;
     @Override
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pbyte {
+  class Pbyte {
     private byte b;
     public byte get() { return b++; }
     public byte get(int n) { return get(); }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public interface Count {
   }
   char[] CHARS =
     "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".toCharArray();
-  public static class Character
+  class Character
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Character> {
     private int i;
     @Override
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pchar {
+  class Pchar {
     private int i;
     public char get() {
       i = (i + 1) % CHARS.length;
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return primitive(new Character().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Short
+  class Short
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Short> {
     short s;
     @Override
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pshort {
+  class Pshort {
     short s;
     public short get() { return s++; }
     public short get(int n) { return get(); }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return primitive(new Short().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Integer
+  class Integer
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Integer> {
     int i;
     @Override
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pint implements IntSupplier {
+  class Pint implements IntSupplier {
     int i;
     public int get() { return i++; }
     public int get(int n) { return get(); }
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return primitive(new Integer().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Long
+  class Long
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Long> {
     private long l;
     @Override
@@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static
   class Plong implements LongSupplier {
     private long l;
     public long get() { return l++; }
@@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return primitive(new Long().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public class Float
+  class Float
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Float> {
     private int i;
     @Override
@@ -183,7 +182,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public class Pfloat {
+  class Pfloat {
     private int i;
     public float get() { return i++; }
     public float get(int n) { return get(); }
@@ -191,7 +190,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return primitive(new Float().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public class Double
+  class Double
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Double> {
     private int i;
     @Override
@@ -208,7 +207,7 @@ public interface Count {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public class Pdouble implements DoubleSupplier {
+  class Pdouble implements DoubleSupplier {
     private int i;
     public double get() { return i++; }
     public double get(int n) { return get(); }

onjava/CountMap.java

@@ -58,15 +58,15 @@ extends AbstractMap<Integer,String> {
         .toCollection(LinkedHashSet::new));
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    final int LIM = 6;
+    final int size = 6;
     CountMap cm = new CountMap(60);
     System.out.println(cm);
     System.out.println(cm.get(500));
     cm.values().stream()
-      .limit(LIM)
+      .limit(size)
       .forEach(System.out::println);
     System.out.println();
-    new Random(47).ints(LIM, 0, 1000)
+    new Random(47).ints(size, 0, 1000)
       .mapToObj(cm::get)
       .forEach(System.out::println);
   }

onjava/Rand.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import static onjava.ConvertTo.*;
 
 public interface Rand {
   int MOD = 10_000;
-  public static class Boolean
+  class Boolean
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Boolean> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pboolean {
+  class Pboolean {
     public boolean[] array(int sz) {
       return primitive(new Boolean().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Byte
+  class Byte
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Byte> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pbyte {
+  class Pbyte {
     public byte[] array(int sz) {
       return primitive(new Byte().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Character
+  class Character
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Character> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -71,12 +71,12 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pchar {
+  class Pchar {
     public char[] array(int sz) {
       return primitive(new Character().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Short
+  class Short
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Short> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -93,12 +93,12 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pshort {
+  class Pshort {
     public short[] array(int sz) {
       return primitive(new Short().array(sz));
     }
   }
-  public static class Integer
+  class Integer
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Integer> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pint implements IntSupplier {
+  class Pint implements IntSupplier {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
     public int getAsInt() {
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public interface Rand {
       return r.ints(sz, 0, MOD).toArray();
     }
   }
-  public static class Long
+  class Long
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Long> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static
   class Plong implements LongSupplier {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ public interface Rand {
       return r.longs(sz, 0, MOD).toArray();
     }
   }
-  public static class Float
+  class Float
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Float> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -176,7 +175,7 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class Pfloat {
+  class Pfloat {
     public float[] array(int sz) {
       return primitive(new Float().array(sz));
     }
@@ -185,7 +184,7 @@ public interface Rand {
     return
       ((double)Math.round(d * 1000.0)) / 100.0;
   }
-  public static class Double
+  class Double
   implements Supplier<java.lang.Double> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -205,7 +204,6 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static
   class Pdouble implements DoubleSupplier {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     @Override
@@ -222,7 +220,7 @@ public interface Rand {
       return result;
     }
   }
-  public static class String
+  class String
   implements Supplier<java.lang.String> {
     SplittableRandom r = new SplittableRandom(47);
     private int strlen = 7; // Default length

patterns/Facade.java

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 // We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
 // Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
 
-class A { public A(int x) {} }
-class B { public B(long x) {} }
-class C { public C(double x) {} }
+class A { A(int x) {} }
+class B { B(long x) {} }
+class C { C(double x) {} }
 
 // Other classes that aren't exposed by the
 // facade go here ...

patterns/ProxyDemo.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ interface ProxyBase {
 
 class Proxy implements ProxyBase {
   private ProxyBase implementation;
-  public Proxy() {
+  Proxy() {
     implementation = new Implementation();
   }
   // Pass method calls to the implementation:

patterns/ShapeFactory3.java

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ interface PolymorphicFactory {
 class RandomShapes implements Supplier<Shape> {
   private final PolymorphicFactory[] factories;
   private Random rand = new Random(42);
-  public
   RandomShapes(PolymorphicFactory... factories) {
     this.factories = factories;
   }

patterns/SingletonPattern.java

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ interface Resource {
 // implements thread-safe lazy initialization:
 
 final class Singleton {
-  private static class
+  private static final class
   ResourceImpl implements Resource {
     private int i;
     private ResourceImpl(int i) {

patterns/StateDemo.java

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ interface StateBase {
 
 class State implements StateBase {
   private StateBase implementation;
-  public State(StateBase imp) {
+  State(StateBase imp) {
     implementation = imp;
   }
   @Override

patterns/TemplateMethod.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 import java.util.stream.*;
 
 abstract class ApplicationFramework {
-  public ApplicationFramework() {
+  ApplicationFramework() {
     templateMethod();
   }
   abstract void customize1();

patterns/adapt/Adapter.java

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ interface WhatIWant {
 
 class ProxyAdapter implements WhatIWant {
   WhatIHave whatIHave;
-  public ProxyAdapter(WhatIHave wih) {
+  ProxyAdapter(WhatIHave wih) {
     whatIHave = wih;
   }
   @Override

patterns/chain/ChainOfResponsibility.java

@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ import java.util.function.*;
 class Result {
   boolean success;
   List<Double> line;
-  public Result(List<Double> data) {
+  Result(List<Double> data) {
     success = true;
     line = data;
   }
-  public Result() {
+  Result() {
     success = false;
     line = Collections.<Double>emptyList();
   }

patterns/dynatrash/DynaTrash.java

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class TypeMap<T> {
 // from ParseTrash.fillBin():
 class TypeMapAdapter implements Fillable {
   TypeMap<Trash> map;
-  public TypeMapAdapter(TypeMap<Trash> tm) {
+  TypeMapAdapter(TypeMap<Trash> tm) {
     map = tm;
   }
   @Override

patterns/observer/ObservedFlower.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class Flower {
   private boolean isOpen;
   private boolean alreadyOpen;
   private boolean alreadyClosed;
-  public Flower() { isOpen = false; }
+  Flower() { isOpen = false; }
   OpenNotifier opening = new OpenNotifier();
   CloseNotifier closing = new CloseNotifier();
   public void open() { // Opens its petals
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class Flower {
 
 class Bee {
   private String name;
-  public Bee(String nm)  { name = nm; }
+  Bee(String nm)  { name = nm; }
   // Observe openings:
   public Observer openObserver() {
     return (ob, a) -> System.out.println(
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class Bee {
 
 class Hummingbird {
   private String name;
-  public Hummingbird(String nm) { name = nm; }
+  Hummingbird(String nm) { name = nm; }
   public Observer openObserver() {
     return (ob, a) -> System.out.println(
       "Hummingbird " + name +

patterns/state/StateMachineDemo.java

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class Washer extends StateMachine {
     new Wash(), new Spin(),
     new Rinse(), new Spin(),
   };
-  public Washer() { runAll(); }
+  Washer() { runAll(); }
   @Override
   public boolean changeState() {
     if(i < states.length) {

patterns/strategy/StrategyPattern.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class Bisection extends FindMinima {
 // The "Context" controls the strategy:
 class MinimaSolver {
   private FindMinima strategy;
-  public MinimaSolver(FindMinima strat) {
+  MinimaSolver(FindMinima strat) {
     strategy = strat;
   }
   List<Double> minima(List<Double> line) {

polymorphism/ReferenceCounting.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class Shared {
   private int refcount = 0;
   private static long counter = 0;
   private final long id = counter++;
-  public Shared() {
+  Shared() {
     System.out.println("Creating " + this);
   }
   public void addRef() { refcount++; }
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class Composing {
   private Shared shared;
   private static long counter = 0;
   private final long id = counter++;
-  public Composing(Shared shared) {
+  Composing(Shared shared) {
     System.out.println("Creating " + this);
     this.shared = shared;
     this.shared.addRef();

references/AddingClone.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 
 class Int2 implements Cloneable {
   private int i;
-  public Int2(int ii) { i = ii; }
+  Int2(int ii) { i = ii; }
   public void increment() { i++; }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class Int2 implements Cloneable {
 // Inheritance doesn't remove cloneability:
 class Int3 extends Int2 {
   private int j; // Automatically duplicated
-  public Int3(int i) { super(i); }
+  Int3(int i) { super(i); }
 }
 
 public class AddingClone {

references/CloneArrayList.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 
 class Int {
   private int i;
-  public Int(int ii) { i = ii; }
+  Int(int ii) { i = ii; }
   public void increment() { i++; }
   @Override
   public String toString() {

references/CopyConstructor.java

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ class FruitQualities {
   private int smell;
   // etc.
   // No-arg constructor:
-  public FruitQualities() {
+  FruitQualities() {
     // Do something meaningful...
   }
   // Other constructors:
   // ...
   // Copy constructor:
-  public FruitQualities(FruitQualities f) {
+  FruitQualities(FruitQualities f) {
     weight = f.weight;
     color = f.color;
     firmness = f.firmness;
@@ -32,15 +32,15 @@ class FruitQualities {
 
 class Seed {
   // Members...
-  public Seed() { /* No-arg constructor */ }
-  public Seed(Seed s) { /* Copy constructor */ }
+  Seed() { /* No-arg constructor */ }
+  Seed(Seed s) { /* Copy constructor */ }
 }
 
 class Fruit {
   private FruitQualities fq;
   private int seeds;
   private Seed[] s;
-  public Fruit(FruitQualities q, int seedCount) {
+  Fruit(FruitQualities q, int seedCount) {
     fq = q;
     seeds = seedCount;
     s = new Seed[seeds];
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class Fruit {
   // Other constructors:
   // ...
   // Copy constructor:
-  public Fruit(Fruit f) {
+  Fruit(Fruit f) {
     fq = new FruitQualities(f.fq);
     seeds = f.seeds;
     s = new Seed[seeds];
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ class Fruit {
 }
 
 class Tomato extends Fruit {
-  public Tomato() {
+  Tomato() {
     super(new FruitQualities(), 100);
   }
-  public Tomato(Tomato t) { // Copy-constructor
+  Tomato(Tomato t) { // Copy-constructor
     super(t); // Upcast to base copy-constructor
     // Other copy-construction activities...
   }
@@ -82,21 +82,21 @@ class Tomato extends Fruit {
 class ZebraQualities extends FruitQualities {
   private int stripedness;
   // No-arg constructor:
-  public ZebraQualities() {
+  ZebraQualities() {
     super();
     // do something meaningful...
   }
-  public ZebraQualities(ZebraQualities z) {
+  ZebraQualities(ZebraQualities z) {
     super(z);
     stripedness = z.stripedness;
   }
 }
 
 class GreenZebra extends Tomato {
-  public GreenZebra() {
+  GreenZebra() {
     addQualities(new ZebraQualities());
   }
-  public GreenZebra(GreenZebra g) {
+  GreenZebra(GreenZebra g) {
     super(g); // Calls Tomato(Tomato)
     // Restore the right qualities:
     addQualities(new ZebraQualities());

references/Immutable2.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 class Mutable {
   private int data;
-  public Mutable(int initVal) {
+  Mutable(int initVal) {
     data = initVal;
   }
   public Mutable add(int x) {

references/LocalCopy.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 class Duplo implements Cloneable {
   private int n;
-  public Duplo(int n) { this.n = n; }
+  Duplo(int n) { this.n = n; }
   @Override
   public Duplo clone() { // [1]
     try {

references/MutableInteger.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 
 class IntValue {
   private int n;
-  public IntValue(int x) { n = x; }
+  IntValue(int x) { n = x; }
   public int getValue() { return n; }
   public void setValue(int n) { this.n = n; }
   public void increment() { n++; }

references/SimplerMutableInteger.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 
 class IntValue2 {
   public int n;
-  public IntValue2(int n) { this.n = n; }
+  IntValue2(int n) { this.n = n; }
 }
 
 public class SimplerMutableInteger {

reuse/FinalData.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 class Value {
   int i; // Package access
-  public Value(int i) { this.i = i; }
+  Value(int i) { this.i = i; }
 }
 
 public class FinalData {

reuse/Orc.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 class Villain {
   private String name;
   protected void set(String nm) { name = nm; }
-  public Villain(String name) { this.name = name; }
+  Villain(String name) { this.name = name; }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "I'm a Villain and my name is " + name;

serialization/AStoreCADState.java

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ abstract class Shape implements Serializable {
   private static int counter = 0;
   public abstract void setColor(Color newColor);
   public abstract Color getColor();
-  public Shape(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
+  Shape(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
     xPos = xVal;
     yPos = yVal;
     dimension = dim;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ abstract class Shape implements Serializable {
 
 class Circle extends Shape {
   private static Color color = Color.RED;
-  public Circle(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
+  Circle(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
     super(xVal, yVal, dim);
   }
   public void setColor(Color newColor) {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class Circle extends Shape {
 
 class Square extends Shape {
   private static Color color = Color.RED;
-  public Square(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
+  Square(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
     super(xVal, yVal, dim);
   }
   public void setColor(Color newColor) {
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class Line extends Shape {
   throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
     color = (Color)os.readObject();
   }
-  public Line(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
+  Line(int xVal, int yVal, int dim) {
     super(xVal, yVal, dim);
   }
   public void setColor(Color newColor) {

serialization/Blips.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 import java.io.*;
 
 class Blip1 implements Externalizable {
-  public Blip1() {
+  Blip1() {
     System.out.println("Blip1 Constructor");
   }
   @Override

serialization/Worm.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 class Data implements Serializable {
   private int n;
-  public Data(int n) { this.n = n; }
+  Data(int n) { this.n = n; }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
     return Integer.toString(n);

streams/MapCollector.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import java.util.stream.*;
 class Pair {
   public final Character c;
   public final Integer i;
-  public Pair(Character c, Integer i) {
+  Pair(Character c, Integer i) {
     this.c = c;
     this.i = i;
   }

typeinfo/Person.java

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ class Person {
   public final Optional<String> address;
   // etc.
   public final boolean empty;
-  public
   Person(String first, String last, String address) {
     this.first = Optional.ofNullable(first);
     this.last = Optional.ofNullable(last);
@@ -21,11 +20,11 @@ class Person {
          && !this.last.isPresent()
          && !this.address.isPresent();
   }
-  public Person(String first, String last) {
+  Person(String first, String last) {
     this(first, last, null);
   }
-  public Person(String last) { this(null, last, null); }
-  public Person() { this(null, null, null); }
+  Person(String last) { this(null, last, null); }
+  Person() { this(null, null, null); }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
     if(empty)

typeinfo/PetCount3.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import typeinfo.pets.*;
 public class PetCount3 {
   static class Counter extends
   LinkedHashMap<Class<? extends Pet>, Integer> {
-    public Counter() {
+    Counter() {
       super(LiteralPetCreator.ALL_TYPES.stream()
         .map(lpc -> Pair.make(lpc, 0))
         .collect(

typeinfo/Position.java

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ class EmptyTitleException extends RuntimeException {}
 class Position {
   private String title;
   private Person person;
-  public Position(String jobTitle, Person employee) {
+  Position(String jobTitle, Person employee) {
     setTitle(jobTitle);
     setPerson(employee);
   }
-  public Position(String jobTitle) {
+  Position(String jobTitle) {
     this(jobTitle, null);
   }
   public String getTitle() { return title; }

typeinfo/SelectingMethods.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.lang.reflect.*;
 
 class MethodSelector implements InvocationHandler {
   private Object proxied;
-  public MethodSelector(Object proxied) {
+  MethodSelector(Object proxied) {
     this.proxied = proxied;
   }
   @Override

typeinfo/SimpleDynamicProxy.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import java.lang.reflect.*;
 
 class DynamicProxyHandler implements InvocationHandler {
   private Object proxied;
-  public DynamicProxyHandler(Object proxied) {
+  DynamicProxyHandler(Object proxied) {
     this.proxied = proxied;
   }
   @Override

typeinfo/SimpleProxyDemo.java

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class RealObject implements Interface {
 
 class SimpleProxy implements Interface {
   private Interface proxied;
-  public SimpleProxy(Interface proxied) {
+  SimpleProxy(Interface proxied) {
     this.proxied = proxied;
   }
   @Override