New chapters and Netbeans mods

Copyright.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-This computer source code is Copyright (c)2006 MindView, Inc.
+//: Copyright.txt
+This computer source code is Copyright 2015 MindView LLC
 All Rights Reserved.
 
 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
@@ -20,47 +21,54 @@ Java" is cited as the origin.
 3. Permission to incorporate the Source Code into printed
 media may be obtained by contacting:
 
-MindView, Inc. 5343 Valle Vista La Mesa, California 91941
+MindView LLC, PO Box 969, Crested Butte, CO 81224
-Wayne@MindView.net
+MindViewInc@gmail.com
 
 4. The Source Code and documentation are copyrighted by
-MindView, Inc. The Source code is provided without express
+MindView LLC. The Source code is provided without express
 or implied warranty of any kind, including any implied
 warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular
-purpose or non-infringement. MindView, Inc. does not
+purpose or non-infringement. MindView LLC does not
-warrant that the operation of any program that includes the Source Code will be uninterrupted or error-free. MindView,
+warrant that the operation of any program that includes the 
-Inc. makes no representation about the suitability of the
+Source Code will be uninterrupted or error-free. MindView
+LLC makes no representation about the suitability of the
 Source Code or of any software that includes the Source
 Code for any purpose. The entire risk as to the quality
 and performance of any program that includes the Source
 Code is with the user of the Source Code. The user
-understands that the Source Code was developed for research and instructional purposes and is advised not to rely
+understands that the Source Code was developed for research 
+and instructional purposes and is advised not to rely
 exclusively for any reason on the Source Code or any
 program that includes the Source Code. Should the Source
 Code or any resulting software prove defective, the user
 assumes the cost of all necessary servicing, repair, or
 correction.
 
-5. IN NO EVENT SHALL MINDVIEW, INC., OR ITS PUBLISHER BE
+5. IN NO EVENT SHALL MINDVIEW LLC, OR ITS PUBLISHER BE
 LIABLE TO ANY PARTY UNDER ANY LEGAL THEORY FOR DIRECT,
 INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
 INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF
 BUSINESS INFORMATION, OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS, OR FOR
 PERSONAL INJURIES, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOURCE
-CODE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, OR ARISING OUT OF THE INABILITY TO USE ANY RESULTING PROGRAM, EVEN IF MINDVIEW, INC., OR
+CODE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, OR ARISING OUT OF THE INABILITY 
+TO USE ANY RESULTING PROGRAM, EVEN IF MINDVIEW LLC, OR
 ITS PUBLISHER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
-DAMAGE. MINDVIEW, INC. SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY
+DAMAGE. MINDVIEW LLC SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY
 WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 PURPOSE. THE SOURCE CODE AND DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED
 HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT ANY ACCOMPANYING
-SERVICES FROM MINDVIEW, INC., AND MINDVIEW, INC. HAS NO
+SERVICES FROM MINDVIEW LLC, AND MINDVIEW LLC HAS NO
 OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES,
 ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
 
-Please note that MindView, Inc. maintains a Web site which
+Please note that MindView LLC maintains a Web site which
-is the sole distribution point for electronic copies of the Source Code, http://www.MindView.net (and official mirror
+is the sole distribution point for electronic copies of the 
-sites), where it is freely available under the terms stated above.
+Source Code, http://www.MindView.net (and official mirror
+sites), where it is freely available under the terms stated 
+above.
 
 If you think you've found an error in the Source Code,
-please submit a correction using the feedback system that you will find at http://www.MindView.net.
+please submit a correction using the feedback system that 
+you will find at http://www.MindView.net.
+///:~

access/SingleImport.java

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ public class SingleImport {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
   }
-} ///:~
+} ///:~

access/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+
+<project default="run">
+  <property name="chapter" value="access"/>
+  <property name="excludedfiles" value=""/>
+  <import file="../Ant-Common.xml"/>
+
+  <target name="run" description="Compile and run" depends="build">
+    <touch file="failures"/>
+    <jrun cls="Cake" />
+    <jrun cls="ChocolateChip" />
+    <jrun cls="ChocolateChip2" />
+    <jrun cls="Dinner" />
+    <jrun cls="FullQualification" />
+    <jrun cls="IceCream" />
+    <jrun cls="ImportedMyClass" />
+    <jrun cls="LibTest" />
+    <jrun cls="PrintTest" />
+    <jrun cls="QualifiedMyClass" />
+    <jrun cls="SingleImport" />
+    <delete file="failures"/>
+  </target>
+
+</project>

annotations/AtUnitExample4.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ public class AtUnitExample4 {
   public AtUnitExample4(String word) { this.word = word; }
   public String getWord() { return word; }
   public String scrambleWord() {
-    List<Character> chars = new ArrayList<Character>();
+    List<Character> chars = new ArrayList<>();
     for(Character c : word.toCharArray())
       chars.add(c);
     Collections.shuffle(chars, rand);

annotations/AtUnitExample5.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import net.mindview.util.*;
 public class AtUnitExample5 {
   private String text;
   public AtUnitExample5(String text) { this.text = text; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return text; }
   @TestProperty static PrintWriter output;
   @TestProperty static int counter;

annotations/HashSetTest.java

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import net.mindview.atunit.*;
 import net.mindview.util.*;
 
 public class HashSetTest {
-  HashSet<String> testObject = new HashSet<String>();
+  HashSet<String> testObject = new HashSet<>();
   @Test void initialization() {
     assert testObject.isEmpty();
   }

annotations/InterfaceExtractorProcessor.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ public class InterfaceExtractorProcessor
   implements AnnotationProcessor {
   private final AnnotationProcessorEnvironment env;
   private ArrayList<MethodDeclaration> interfaceMethods =
-    new ArrayList<MethodDeclaration>();
+    new ArrayList<>();
   public InterfaceExtractorProcessor(
     AnnotationProcessorEnvironment env) { this.env = env; }
   public void process() {
@@ -58,4 +58,4 @@ public class InterfaceExtractorProcessor
       }
     }
   }
-} ///:~
+} ///:~

annotations/InterfaceExtractorProcessorFactory.java

@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ public class InterfaceExtractorProcessorFactory
   public Collection<String> supportedOptions() {
     return Collections.emptySet();
   }
-} ///:~
+} ///:~

annotations/StackL.java

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ package annotations;
 import java.util.*;
 
 public class StackL<T> {
-  private LinkedList<T> list = new LinkedList<T>();
+  private LinkedList<T> list = new LinkedList<>();
   public void push(T v) { list.addFirst(v); }
   public T top() { return list.getFirst(); }
   public T pop() { return list.removeFirst(); }

annotations/UseCaseTracker.java

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public class UseCaseTracker {
     }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    List<Integer> useCases = new ArrayList<Integer>();
+    List<Integer> useCases = new ArrayList<>();
     Collections.addAll(useCases, 47, 48, 49, 50);
     trackUseCases(useCases, PasswordUtils.class);
   }

annotations/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+
+<project default="run">
+  <property name="chapter" value="annotations"/>
+  <property name="excludedfiles" value="InterfaceExtractorProcessor.java InterfaceExtractorProcessorFactory.java database/TableCreationProcessorFactory.java"/>
+  <import file="../Ant-Common.xml"/>
+
+  <target name="run" description="Compile and run" depends="build">
+    <touch file="failures"/>
+    <jrun cls="annotations.AtUnitComposition" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.AtUnitExample1" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.AtUnitExample2" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.AtUnitExample3" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.AtUnitExample4" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.AtUnitExample5" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.AtUnitExternalTest" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.HashSetTest" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.Multiplier" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.StackLStringTest" dirpath="../annotations" />
+    <jrun cls="UseCaseTracker" />
+    <jrun cls="annotations.database.TableCreator" dirpath="../annotations/database" arguments='annotations.database.Member' />
+    <delete file="failures"/>
+  </target>
+
+</project>

annotations/database/Member.java

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ public class Member {
   public String getHandle() { return handle; }
   public String getFirstName() { return firstName; }
   public String getLastName() { return lastName; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return handle; }
   public Integer getAge() { return age; }
 } ///:~

annotations/database/TableCreationProcessorFactory.java

@@ -98,4 +98,4 @@ public class TableCreationProcessorFactory
       }
     }
   }
-} ///:~
+} ///:~

annotations/database/TableCreator.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public class TableCreator {
       // If the name is empty, use the Class name:
       if(tableName.length() < 1)
         tableName = cl.getName().toUpperCase();
-      List<String> columnDefs = new ArrayList<String>();
+      List<String> columnDefs = new ArrayList<>();
       for(Field field : cl.getDeclaredFields()) {
         String columnName = null;
         Annotation[] anns = field.getDeclaredAnnotations();

arrays/ArrayOfGenerics.java

@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ public class ArrayOfGenerics {
     List<String>[] ls;
     List[] la = new List[10];
     ls = (List<String>[])la; // "Unchecked" warning
-    ls[0] = new ArrayList<String>();
+    ls[0] = new ArrayList<>();
     // Compile-time checking produces an error:
     //! ls[1] = new ArrayList<Integer>();
 
     // The problem: List<String> is a subtype of Object
     Object[] objects = ls; // So assignment is OK
     // Compiles and runs without complaint:
-    objects[1] = new ArrayList<Integer>();
+    objects[1] = new ArrayList<>();
 
     // However, if your needs are straightforward it is
     // possible to create an array of generics, albeit
@@ -23,6 +23,6 @@ public class ArrayOfGenerics {
     List<BerylliumSphere>[] spheres =
       (List<BerylliumSphere>[])new List[10];
     for(int i = 0; i < spheres.length; i++)
-      spheres[i] = new ArrayList<BerylliumSphere>();
+      spheres[i] = new ArrayList<>();
   }
 } ///:~

arrays/CompType.java

@@ -12,18 +12,21 @@ public class CompType implements Comparable<CompType> {
     i = n1;
     j = n2;
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     String result = "[i = " + i + ", j = " + j + "]";
     if(count++ % 3 == 0)
       result += "\n";
     return result;
   }
+  @Override
   public int compareTo(CompType rv) {
     return (i < rv.i ? -1 : (i == rv.i ? 0 : 1));
   }
   private static Random r = new Random(47);
   public static Generator<CompType> generator() {
     return new Generator<CompType>() {
+      @Override
       public CompType next() {
         return new CompType(r.nextInt(100),r.nextInt(100));
       }

arrays/ContainerComparison.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 class BerylliumSphere {
   private static long counter;
   private final long id = counter++;
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return "Sphere " + id; }
 }
 
@@ -16,8 +17,7 @@ public class ContainerComparison {
     print(Arrays.toString(spheres));
     print(spheres[4]);
 
-    List<BerylliumSphere> sphereList =
+    List<BerylliumSphere> sphereList= new ArrayList<>();
-      new ArrayList<BerylliumSphere>();
     for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
       sphereList.add(new BerylliumSphere());
     print(sphereList);
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public class ContainerComparison {
     print(Arrays.toString(integers));
     print(integers[4]);
 
-    List<Integer> intList = new ArrayList<Integer>(
+    List<Integer> intList = new ArrayList<>(
       Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
     intList.add(97);
     print(intList);

arrays/PythonLists.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#: arrays/PythonLists.py
+
+aList = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+print(type(aList)) # <type 'list'>
+print(aList) # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+print(aList[4]) # 5   Basic list indexing
+aList.append(6) # lists can be resized
+aList += [7, 8] # Add a list to a list
+print(aList) # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
+aSlice = aList[2:4]
+print(aSlice) # [3, 4]
+
+class MyList(list): # Inherit from list
+    # Define a method, 'this' pointer is explicit:
+    def getReversed(self):
+        reversed = self[:] # Copy list using slices
+        reversed.reverse() # Built-in list method
+        return reversed
+
+list2 = MyList(aList) # No 'new' needed for object creation
+print(type(list2)) # <class '__main__.MyList'>
+print(list2.getReversed()) # [8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+#:~

arrays/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+
+<project default="run">
+  <property name="chapter" value="arrays"/>
+  <property name="excludedfiles" value=""/>
+  <import file="../Ant-Common.xml"/>
+
+  <target name="run" description="Compile and run" depends="build">
+    <touch file="failures"/>
+    <jrun cls="AlphabeticSearch" />
+    <jrun cls="ArrayOfGenerics" />
+    <jrun cls="ArrayOptions" />
+    <jrun cls="ArraySearching" />
+    <jrun cls="AssemblingMultidimensionalArrays" />
+    <jrun cls="AutoboxingArrays" />
+    <jrun cls="ComparatorTest" />
+    <jrun cls="ComparingArrays" />
+    <jrun cls="CompType" />
+    <jrun cls="ContainerComparison" />
+    <jrun cls="CopyingArrays" />
+    <jrun cls="FillingArrays" />
+    <jrun cls="GeneratorsTest" />
+    <jrun cls="IceCream" />
+    <jrun cls="MultidimensionalObjectArrays" />
+    <jrun cls="MultidimensionalPrimitiveArray" />
+    <jrun cls="MultiDimWrapperArray" />
+    <jrun cls="ParameterizedArrayType" />
+    <jrun cls="PrimitiveConversionDemonstration" />
+    <jrun cls="RaggedArray" />
+    <jrun cls="RandomGeneratorsTest" />
+    <jrun cls="Reverse" />
+    <jrun cls="StringSorting" />
+    <jrun cls="TestArrayGeneration" />
+    <jrun cls="TestGenerated" />
+    <jrun cls="ThreeDWithNew" />
+    <delete file="failures"/>
+  </target>
+
+</project>

assertions/Assert1.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//: assertions/Assert1.java
+// Non-informative style of assert
+// Compile with: javac -source 1.4 Assert1.java
+// {JVMArgs: -ea} // Must run with -ea
+// {ThrowsException}
+
+public class Assert1 {
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    assert false;
+  }
+} ///:~

assertions/Assert2.java

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//: assertions/Assert2.java
+// Assert with an informative message
+// {JVMArgs: -ea}
+// {ThrowsException}
+
+public class Assert2 {
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    assert false: "Here's a message saying what happened";
+  }
+} ///:~

assertions/LoaderAssertions.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//: assertions/LoaderAssertions.java
+// Using the class loader to enable assertions
+// Compile with: javac -source 1.4 LoaderAssertions.java
+// {ThrowsException}
+
+public class LoaderAssertions {
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader()
+      .setDefaultAssertionStatus(true);
+    new Loaded().go();
+  }
+}
+
+class Loaded {
+  public void go() {
+    assert false: "Loaded.go()";
+  }
+} ///:~

assertions/Queue.java

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+//: assertions/Queue.java
+// Demonstration of Design by Contract (DBC) combined
+// with white-box unit testing.
+// {Depends: junit.jar}
+import junit.framework.*;
+import java.util.*;
+
+public class Queue {
+  private Object[] data;
+  private int
+    in = 0, // Next available storage space
+    out = 0; // Next gettable object
+  // Has it wrapped around the circular queue?
+  private boolean wrapped = false;
+  public static class
+  QueueException extends RuntimeException {
+    public QueueException(String why) { super(why); }
+  }
+  public Queue(int size) {
+    data = new Object[size];
+    assert invariant(); // Must be true after construction
+  }
+  public boolean empty() {
+    return !wrapped && in == out;
+  }
+  public boolean full() {
+    return wrapped && in == out;
+  }
+  public void put(Object item) {
+    precondition(item != null, "put() null item");
+    precondition(!full(), "put() into full Queue");
+    assert invariant();
+    data[in++] = item;
+    if(in >= data.length) {
+      in = 0;
+      wrapped = true;
+    }
+    assert invariant();
+  }
+  public Object get() {
+    precondition(!empty(), "get() from empty Queue");
+    assert invariant();
+    Object returnVal = data[out];
+    data[out] = null;
+    out++;
+    if(out >= data.length) {
+      out = 0;
+      wrapped = false;
+    }
+    assert postcondition(
+      returnVal != null, "Null item in Queue");
+    assert invariant();
+    return returnVal;
+  }
+  // Design-by-contract support methods:
+  private static void
+  precondition(boolean cond, String msg) {
+    if(!cond) throw new QueueException(msg);
+  }
+  private static boolean
+  postcondition(boolean cond, String msg) {
+    if(!cond) throw new QueueException(msg);
+    return true;
+  }
+  private boolean invariant() {
+    // Guarantee that no null values are in the
+    // region of 'data' that holds objects:
+    for(int i = out; i != in; i = (i + 1) % data.length)
+      if(data[i] == null)
+        throw new QueueException("null in queue");
+    // Guarantee that only null values are outside the
+    // region of 'data' that holds objects:
+    if(full()) return true;
+    for(int i = in; i != out; i = (i + 1) % data.length)
+      if(data[i] != null)
+        throw new QueueException(
+          "non-null outside of queue range: " + dump());
+    return true;
+  }
+  private String dump() {
+    return "in = " + in +
+      ", out = " + out +
+      ", full() = " + full() +
+      ", empty() = " + empty() +
+      ", queue = " + Arrays.asList(data);
+  }
+  // JUnit testing.
+  // As an inner class, this has access to privates:
+  public static class WhiteBoxTest extends TestCase {
+    private Queue queue = new Queue(10);
+    private int i = 0;
+    public WhiteBoxTest(String name) {
+      super(name);
+      while(i < 5) // Preload with some data
+        queue.put("" + i++);
+    }
+    // Support methods:
+    private void showFullness() {
+      assertTrue(queue.full());
+      assertFalse(queue.empty());
+      // Dump is private, white-box testing allows access:
+      System.out.println(queue.dump());
+    }
+    private void showEmptiness() {
+      assertFalse(queue.full());
+      assertTrue(queue.empty());
+      System.out.println(queue.dump());
+    }
+    public void testFull() {
+      System.out.println("testFull");
+      System.out.println(queue.dump());
+      System.out.println(queue.get());
+      System.out.println(queue.get());
+      while(!queue.full())
+        queue.put("" + i++);
+      String msg = "";
+      try {
+        queue.put("");
+      } catch(QueueException e) {
+        msg = e.getMessage();
+        System.out.println(msg);
+      }
+      assertEquals(msg, "put() into full Queue");
+      showFullness();
+    }
+    public void testEmpty() {
+      System.out.println("testEmpty");
+      while(!queue.empty())
+        System.out.println(queue.get());
+      String msg = "";
+      try {
+        queue.get();
+      } catch(QueueException e) {
+        msg = e.getMessage();
+        System.out.println(msg);
+      }
+      assertEquals(msg, "get() from empty Queue");
+      showEmptiness();
+    }
+    public void testNullPut() {
+      System.out.println("testNullPut");
+      String msg = "";
+      try {
+        queue.put(null);
+      } catch(QueueException e) {
+        msg = e.getMessage();
+        System.out.println(msg);
+      }
+      assertEquals(msg, "put() null item");
+    }
+    public void testCircularity() {
+      System.out.println("testCircularity");
+      while(!queue.full())
+        queue.put("" + i++);
+      showFullness();
+      // White-box testing accesses private field:
+      assertTrue(queue.wrapped);
+      while(!queue.empty())
+        System.out.println(queue.get());
+      showEmptiness();
+      while(!queue.full())
+        queue.put("" + i++);
+      showFullness();
+      while(!queue.empty())
+        System.out.println(queue.get());
+      showEmptiness();
+    }
+  }
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    junit.textui.TestRunner.run(Queue.WhiteBoxTest.class);
+  }
+} ///:~

assertions/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+
+<project default="run">
+  <property name="chapter" value="assertions"/>
+  <property name="excludedfiles" value=""/>
+  <import file="../Ant-Common.xml"/>
+
+  <target name="run" description="Compile and run" depends="build">
+    <touch file="failures"/>
+    <jrun cls="Assert1" failOnError='false' msg='* Exception was Expected *' />
+    <jrun cls="Assert2" failOnError='false' msg='* Exception was Expected *' />
+    <jrun cls="LoaderAssertions" failOnError='false' msg='* Exception was Expected *' />
+    <jrun cls="Queue" />
+    <delete file="failures"/>
+  </target>
+
+</project>

concurrency/ActiveObjectDemo.java

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ public class ActiveObjectDemo {
   public Future<Integer>
   calculateInt(final int x, final int y) {
     return ex.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
+      @Override
       public Integer call() {
         print("starting " + x + " + " + y);
         pause(500);
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ public class ActiveObjectDemo {
   public Future<Float>
   calculateFloat(final float x, final float y) {
     return ex.submit(new Callable<Float>() {
+      @Override
       public Float call() {
         print("starting " + x + " + " + y);
         pause(2000);
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ public class ActiveObjectDemo {
     ActiveObjectDemo d1 = new ActiveObjectDemo();
     // Prevents ConcurrentModificationException:
     List<Future<?>> results =
-      new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Future<?>>();
+      new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
     for(float f = 0.0f; f < 1.0f; f += 0.2f)
       results.add(d1.calculateFloat(f, f));
     for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)

concurrency/AtomicEvenGenerator.java

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 //: concurrency/AtomicEvenGenerator.java
 // Atomic classes are occasionally useful in regular code.
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
 
 public class AtomicEvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
   private AtomicInteger currentEvenValue =
     new AtomicInteger(0);
+  @Override
   public int next() {
     return currentEvenValue.addAndGet(2);
   }

concurrency/AtomicIntegerTest.java

@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ public class AtomicIntegerTest implements Runnable {
   private AtomicInteger i = new AtomicInteger(0);
   public int getValue() { return i.get(); }
   private void evenIncrement() { i.addAndGet(2); }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true)
       evenIncrement();
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     new Timer().schedule(new TimerTask() {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         System.err.println("Aborting");
         System.exit(0);

concurrency/AtomicityTest.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ public class AtomicityTest implements Runnable {
   private int i = 0;
   public int getValue() { return i; }
   private synchronized void evenIncrement() { i++; i++; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true)
       evenIncrement();

concurrency/AttemptLocking.java

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ public class AttemptLocking {
     // Now create a separate task to grab the lock:
     new Thread() {
       { setDaemon(true); }
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         al.lock.lock();
         System.out.println("acquired");

concurrency/BankTellerSimulation.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ class CustomerLine extends ArrayBlockingQueue<Customer> {
   public CustomerLine(int maxLineSize) {
     super(maxLineSize);
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     if(this.size() == 0)
       return "[Empty]";
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ class CustomerGenerator implements Runnable {
   public CustomerGenerator(CustomerLine cq) {
     customers = cq;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -96,9 +98,9 @@ class TellerManager implements Runnable {
   private ExecutorService exec;
   private CustomerLine customers;
   private PriorityQueue<Teller> workingTellers =
-    new PriorityQueue<Teller>();
+    new PriorityQueue<>();
   private Queue<Teller> tellersDoingOtherThings =
-    new LinkedList<Teller>();
+    new LinkedList<>();
   private int adjustmentPeriod;
   
   public TellerManager(ExecutorService e,
@@ -146,6 +148,7 @@ class TellerManager implements Runnable {
     teller.doSomethingElse();
     tellersDoingOtherThings.offer(teller);
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -161,6 +164,7 @@ class TellerManager implements Runnable {
     }
     System.out.println(this + "terminating");
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return "TellerManager "; }
 }
 
@@ -201,4 +205,4 @@ Teller 0 interrupted
 Teller 0 terminating
 CustomerGenerator interrupted
 CustomerGenerator terminating
-*///:~
+*///:~

concurrency/CallableDemo.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ class TaskWithResult implements Callable<String> {
   public TaskWithResult(int id) {
     this.id = id;
   }
+  @Override
   public String call() {
     return "result of TaskWithResult " + id;
   }
@@ -15,8 +16,7 @@ class TaskWithResult implements Callable<String> {
 public class CallableDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
-    ArrayList<Future<String>> results =
+    ArrayList<Future<String>> results = new ArrayList<>();
-      new ArrayList<Future<String>>();
     for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
       results.add(exec.submit(new TaskWithResult(i)));
     for(Future<String> fs : results)

concurrency/CaptureUncaughtException.java

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 //: concurrency/CaptureUncaughtException.java
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
 class ExceptionThread2 implements Runnable {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
     System.out.println("run() by " + t);
@@ -14,12 +15,14 @@ class ExceptionThread2 implements Runnable {
 
 class MyUncaughtExceptionHandler implements
 Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
+  @Override
   public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) {
     System.out.println("caught " + e);
   }
 }
 
 class HandlerThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
+  @Override
   public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
     System.out.println(this + " creating new Thread");
     Thread t = new Thread(r);
@@ -45,4 +48,4 @@ eh = MyUncaughtExceptionHandler@1fb8ee3
 run() by Thread[Thread-0,5,main]
 eh = MyUncaughtExceptionHandler@1fb8ee3
 caught java.lang.RuntimeException
-*///:~
+*///:~

concurrency/CarBuilder.java

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ class ChassisBuilder implements Runnable {
   private CarQueue carQueue;
   private int counter = 0;
   public ChassisBuilder(CarQueue cq) { carQueue = cq; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ class Assembler implements Runnable {
   }
   public Car car() { return car; }
   public CyclicBarrier barrier() { return barrier; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -85,6 +87,7 @@ class Assembler implements Runnable {
 class Reporter implements Runnable {
   private CarQueue carQueue;
   public Reporter(CarQueue cq) { carQueue = cq; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -167,7 +170,7 @@ class WheelRobot extends Robot {
 
 class RobotPool {
   // Quietly prevents identical entries:
-  private Set<Robot> pool = new HashSet<Robot>();
+  private Set<Robot> pool = new HashSet<>();
   public synchronized void add(Robot r) {
     pool.add(r);
     notifyAll();

concurrency/CloseResource.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //: concurrency/CloseResource.java
 // Interrupting a blocked task by
 // closing the underlying resource.
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 import java.net.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import java.io.*;

concurrency/CountDownLatchDemo.java

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ class TaskPortion implements Runnable {
   TaskPortion(CountDownLatch latch) {
     this.latch = latch;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       doWork();
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ class TaskPortion implements Runnable {
     TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(rand.nextInt(2000));
     print(this + "completed");
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return String.format("%1$-3d ", id);
   }
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ class WaitingTask implements Runnable {
   WaitingTask(CountDownLatch latch) {
     this.latch = latch;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       latch.await();
@@ -45,6 +48,7 @@ class WaitingTask implements Runnable {
       print(this + " interrupted");
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return String.format("WaitingTask %1$-3d ", id);
   }

concurrency/CriticalSection.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 //: concurrency/CriticalSection.java
-// {RunByHand} (Behavior may have changed in Java 8).
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting} 
+// (Behavior may have changed in Java 8).
 // Synchronizing blocks instead of entire methods. Also
 // demonstrates protection of a non-thread-safe class
 // with a thread-safe one.
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ class Pair { // Not thread-safe
   public int getY() { return y; }
   public void incrementX() { x++; }
   public void incrementY() { y++; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "x: " + x + ", y: " + y;
   }
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ abstract class PairManager {
   AtomicInteger checkCounter = new AtomicInteger(0);
   protected Pair p = new Pair();
   private List<Pair> storage =
-    Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<Pair>());
+    Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
   public synchronized Pair getPair() {
     // Make a copy to keep the original safe:
     return new Pair(p.getX(), p.getY());
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ abstract class PairManager {
 
 // Synchronize the entire method:
 class PairManager1 extends PairManager {
+  @Override
   public synchronized void increment() {
     p.incrementX();
     p.incrementY();
@@ -66,6 +69,7 @@ class PairManager1 extends PairManager {
 
 // Use a critical section:
 class PairManager2 extends PairManager {
+  @Override
   public void increment() {
     Pair temp;
     synchronized(this) {
@@ -82,10 +86,12 @@ class PairManipulator implements Runnable {
   public PairManipulator(PairManager pm) {
     this.pm = pm;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true)
       pm.increment();
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "Pair: " + pm.getPair() +
       " checkCounter = " + pm.checkCounter.get();
@@ -97,6 +103,7 @@ class PairChecker implements Runnable {
   public PairChecker(PairManager pm) {
     this.pm = pm;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true) {
       pm.checkCounter.incrementAndGet();
@@ -137,4 +144,4 @@ public class CriticalSection {
 } /* Output: (Sample)
 pm1: Pair: x: 15, y: 15 checkCounter = 272565
 pm2: Pair: x: 16, y: 16 checkCounter = 3956974
-*///:~
+*///:~

concurrency/DaemonFromFactory.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import net.mindview.util.*;
 import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 
 public class DaemonFromFactory implements Runnable {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(true) {

concurrency/Daemons.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 
 class Daemon implements Runnable {
   private Thread[] t = new Thread[10];
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     for(int i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {
       t[i] = new Thread(new DaemonSpawn());
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ class Daemon implements Runnable {
 }
 
 class DaemonSpawn implements Runnable {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true)
       Thread.yield();

concurrency/DaemonsDontRunFinally.java

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 
 class ADaemon implements Runnable {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       print("Starting ADaemon");

concurrency/DelayQueueDemo.java

@@ -10,24 +10,28 @@ class DelayedTask implements Runnable, Delayed {
   private final int delta;
   private final long trigger;
   protected static List<DelayedTask> sequence =
-    new ArrayList<DelayedTask>();
+    new ArrayList<>();
   public DelayedTask(int delayInMilliseconds) {
     delta = delayInMilliseconds;
     trigger = System.nanoTime() +
       NANOSECONDS.convert(delta, MILLISECONDS);
     sequence.add(this);
   }
+  @Override
   public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
     return unit.convert(
       trigger - System.nanoTime(), NANOSECONDS);
   }
+  @Override
   public int compareTo(Delayed arg) {
     DelayedTask that = (DelayedTask)arg;
     if(trigger < that.trigger) return -1;
     if(trigger > that.trigger) return 1;
     return 0;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() { printnb(this + " "); }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return String.format("[%1$-4d]", delta) +
       " Task " + id;
@@ -41,6 +45,7 @@ class DelayedTask implements Runnable, Delayed {
       super(delay);
       exec = e;
     }
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       for(DelayedTask pt : sequence) {
         printnb(pt.summary() + " ");
@@ -57,6 +62,7 @@ class DelayedTaskConsumer implements Runnable {
   public DelayedTaskConsumer(DelayQueue<DelayedTask> q) {
     this.q = q;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted())
@@ -73,7 +79,7 @@ public class DelayQueueDemo {
     Random rand = new Random(47);
     ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
     DelayQueue<DelayedTask> queue =
-      new DelayQueue<DelayedTask>();
+      new DelayQueue<>();
     // Fill with tasks that have random delays:
     for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
       queue.put(new DelayedTask(rand.nextInt(5000)));

concurrency/EvenChecker.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ public class EvenChecker implements Runnable {
     generator = g;
     id = ident;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(!generator.isCanceled()) {
       int val = generator.next();

concurrency/EvenGenerator.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 public class EvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
   private int currentEvenValue = 0;
+  @Override
   public int next() {
     ++currentEvenValue; // Danger point here!
     ++currentEvenValue;

concurrency/ExceptionThread.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
 public class ExceptionThread implements Runnable {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     throw new RuntimeException();
   }

concurrency/ExchangerDemo.java

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ class ExchangerProducer<T> implements Runnable {
     generator = gen;
     this.holder = holder;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ class ExchangerConsumer<T> implements Runnable {
     exchanger = ex;
     this.holder = holder;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -60,14 +62,14 @@ public class ExchangerDemo {
     if(args.length > 1)
       delay = new Integer(args[1]);
     ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
-    Exchanger<List<Fat>> xc = new Exchanger<List<Fat>>();
+    Exchanger<List<Fat>> xc = new Exchanger<>();
     List<Fat>
-      producerList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Fat>(),
+      producerList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>(),
-      consumerList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Fat>();
+      consumerList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
-    exec.execute(new ExchangerProducer<Fat>(xc,
+    exec.execute(new ExchangerProducer<>(xc,
       BasicGenerator.create(Fat.class), producerList));
     exec.execute(
-      new ExchangerConsumer<Fat>(xc,consumerList));
+      new ExchangerConsumer<>(xc,consumerList));
     TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(delay);
     exec.shutdownNow();
   }

concurrency/ExplicitCriticalSection.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
 // Synchronize the entire method:
 class ExplicitPairManager1 extends PairManager {
   private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+  @Override
   public void increment() {
     lock.lock();
     try {
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ class ExplicitPairManager1 extends PairManager {
 // Use a critical section:
 class ExplicitPairManager2 extends PairManager {
   private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+  @Override
   public void increment() {
     Pair temp;
     lock.lock();
@@ -43,4 +45,4 @@ public class ExplicitCriticalSection {
       pman2 = new ExplicitPairManager2();
     CriticalSection.testApproaches(pman1, pman2);
   }
-} ///:~
+} ///:~

concurrency/FastSimulation.java

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ public class FastSimulation {
     new AtomicInteger[N_ELEMENTS][N_GENES];
   static Random rand = new Random(47);
   static class Evolver implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
         // Randomly select an element to work on:

concurrency/Fat.java

@@ -12,5 +12,6 @@ public class Fat {
     }
   }
   public void operation() { System.out.println(this); }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return "Fat id: " + id; }
 } ///:~

concurrency/GreenhouseScheduler.java

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
       event, initialDelay, period, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
   }
   class LightOn implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       // Put hardware control code here to
       // physically turn on the light.
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
     }
   }
   class LightOff implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       // Put hardware control code here to
       // physically turn off the light.
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
     }
   }
   class WaterOn implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       // Put hardware control code here.
       System.out.println("Turning greenhouse water on");
@@ -49,6 +52,7 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
     }
   }
   class WaterOff implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       // Put hardware control code here.
       System.out.println("Turning greenhouse water off");
@@ -56,6 +60,7 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
     }
   }
   class ThermostatNight implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       // Put hardware control code here.
       System.out.println("Thermostat to night setting");
@@ -63,6 +68,7 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
     }
   }
   class ThermostatDay implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       // Put hardware control code here.
       System.out.println("Thermostat to day setting");
@@ -70,15 +76,18 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
     }
   }
   class Bell implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() { System.out.println("Bing!"); }
   }
   class Terminate implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       System.out.println("Terminating");
       scheduler.shutdownNow();
       // Must start a separate task to do this job,
       // since the scheduler was shut down:
       new Thread() {
+        @Override
         public void run() {
           for(DataPoint d : data)
             System.out.println(d);
@@ -96,6 +105,7 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
       temperature = temp;
       humidity = hum;
     }
+    @Override
     public String toString() {
       return time.getTime() +
         String.format(
@@ -114,8 +124,9 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
   private int humidityDirection = +1;
   private Random rand = new Random(47);
   List<DataPoint> data = Collections.synchronizedList(
-    new ArrayList<DataPoint>());
+    new ArrayList<>());
   class CollectData implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       System.out.println("Collecting data");
       synchronized(GreenhouseScheduler.this) {
@@ -153,4 +164,4 @@ public class GreenhouseScheduler {
     gh.repeat(gh.new ThermostatDay(), 0, 1400);
     gh.repeat(gh.new CollectData(), 500, 500);
   }
-} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~
+} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~

concurrency/HorseRace.java

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ class Horse implements Runnable {
   private static CyclicBarrier barrier;
   public Horse(CyclicBarrier b) { barrier = b; }
   public synchronized int getStrides() { return strides; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ class Horse implements Runnable {
       throw new RuntimeException(e);
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return "Horse " + id + " "; }
   public String tracks() {
     StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
@@ -39,12 +41,13 @@ class Horse implements Runnable {
 
 public class HorseRace {
   static final int FINISH_LINE = 75;
-  private List<Horse> horses = new ArrayList<Horse>();
+  private List<Horse> horses = new ArrayList<>();
   private ExecutorService exec =
     Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
   private CyclicBarrier barrier;
   public HorseRace(int nHorses, final int pause) {
     barrier = new CyclicBarrier(nHorses, new Runnable() {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
         for(int i = 0; i < FINISH_LINE; i++)

concurrency/Interrupting.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import java.io.*;
 import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 
 class SleepBlocked implements Runnable {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(100);
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ class SleepBlocked implements Runnable {
 class IOBlocked implements Runnable {
   private InputStream in;
   public IOBlocked(InputStream is) { in = is; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       print("Waiting for read():");
@@ -40,11 +42,13 @@ class SynchronizedBlocked implements Runnable {
   }
   public SynchronizedBlocked() {
     new Thread() {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         f(); // Lock acquired by this thread
       }
     }.start();
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     print("Trying to call f()");
     f();

concurrency/Interrupting2.java

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ class BlockedMutex {
 
 class Blocked2 implements Runnable {
   BlockedMutex blocked = new BlockedMutex();
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     print("Waiting for f() in BlockedMutex");
     blocked.f();

concurrency/InterruptingIdiom.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ class NeedsCleanup {
 
 class Blocked3 implements Runnable {
   private volatile double d = 0.0;
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {

concurrency/Joining.java

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ class Sleeper extends Thread {
     duration = sleepTime;
     start();
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       sleep(duration);
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ class Joiner extends Thread {
     this.sleeper = sleeper;
     start();
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
    try {
       sleeper.join();

concurrency/LiftOff.java

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ public class LiftOff implements Runnable {
     return "#" + id + "(" +
       (countDown > 0 ? countDown : "Liftoff!") + "), ";
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(countDown-- > 0) {
       System.out.print(status());

concurrency/ListComparisons.java

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ abstract class ListTest extends Tester<List<Integer>> {
 class SynchronizedArrayListTest extends ListTest {
   List<Integer> containerInitializer() {
     return Collections.synchronizedList(
-      new ArrayList<Integer>(
+      new ArrayList<>(
         new CountingIntegerList(containerSize)));
   }
   SynchronizedArrayListTest(int nReaders, int nWriters) {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class SynchronizedArrayListTest extends ListTest {
 
 class CopyOnWriteArrayListTest extends ListTest {
   List<Integer> containerInitializer() {
-    return new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Integer>(
+    return new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>(
       new CountingIntegerList(containerSize));
   }
   CopyOnWriteArrayListTest(int nReaders, int nWriters) {

concurrency/MapComparisons.java

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ extends Tester<Map<Integer,Integer>> {
 class SynchronizedHashMapTest extends MapTest {
   Map<Integer,Integer> containerInitializer() {
     return Collections.synchronizedMap(
-      new HashMap<Integer,Integer>(
+      new HashMap<>(
         MapData.map(
           new CountingGenerator.Integer(),
           new CountingGenerator.Integer(),
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class SynchronizedHashMapTest extends MapTest {
 
 class ConcurrentHashMapTest extends MapTest {
   Map<Integer,Integer> containerInitializer() {
-    return new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer,Integer>(
+    return new ConcurrentHashMap<>(
       MapData.map(
         new CountingGenerator.Integer(),
         new CountingGenerator.Integer(), containerSize));

concurrency/MultiLock.java

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ public class MultiLock {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     final MultiLock multiLock = new MultiLock();
     new Thread() {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         multiLock.f1(10);
       }

concurrency/MutexEvenGenerator.java

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 //: concurrency/MutexEvenGenerator.java
 // Preventing thread collisions with mutexes.
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
 
 public class MutexEvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
   private int currentEvenValue = 0;
   private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+  @Override
   public int next() {
     lock.lock();
     try {

concurrency/NIOInterruption.java

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 class NIOBlocked implements Runnable {
   private final SocketChannel sc;
   public NIOBlocked(SocketChannel sc) { this.sc = sc; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       print("Waiting for read() in " + this);

concurrency/NaiveExceptionHandling.java

@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ public class NaiveExceptionHandling {
       System.out.println("Exception was handled!");
     }
   }
-} ///:~
+} ///:~

concurrency/NotifyVsNotifyAll.java

@@ -19,12 +19,14 @@ class Blocker {
 
 class Task implements Runnable {
   static Blocker blocker = new Blocker();
+  @Override
   public void run() { blocker.waitingCall(); }
 }
 
 class Task2 implements Runnable {
   // A separate Blocker object:
   static Blocker blocker = new Blocker();
+  @Override
   public void run() { blocker.waitingCall(); }
 }
 
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ public class NotifyVsNotifyAll {
     Timer timer = new Timer();
     timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
       boolean prod = true;
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         if(prod) {
           System.out.print("\nnotify() ");

concurrency/OrnamentalGarden.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class Count {
 class Entrance implements Runnable {
   private static Count count = new Count();
   private static List<Entrance> entrances =
-    new ArrayList<Entrance>();
+    new ArrayList<>();
   private int number = 0;
   // Doesn't need synchronization to read:
   private final int id;
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ class Entrance implements Runnable {
     // garbage collection of dead tasks:
     entrances.add(this);
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(!canceled) {
       synchronized(this) {
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ class Entrance implements Runnable {
     print("Stopping " + this);
   }
   public synchronized int getValue() { return number; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "Entrance " + id + ": " + getValue();
   }

concurrency/Philosopher.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ public class Philosopher implements Runnable {
     id = ident;
     ponderFactor = ponder;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -41,5 +42,6 @@ public class Philosopher implements Runnable {
       print(this + " " + "exiting via interrupt");
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return "Philosopher " + id; }
 } ///:~

concurrency/PipedIO.java

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ class Sender implements Runnable {
   private Random rand = new Random(47);
   private PipedWriter out = new PipedWriter();
   public PipedWriter getPipedWriter() { return out; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(true)
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ class Receiver implements Runnable {
   public Receiver(Sender sender) throws IOException {
     in = new PipedReader(sender.getPipedWriter());
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(true) {

concurrency/Pool.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 public class Pool<T> {
   private int size;
-  private List<T> items = new ArrayList<T>();
+  private List<T> items = new ArrayList<>();
   private volatile boolean[] checkedOut;
   private Semaphore available;
   public Pool(Class<T> classObject, int size) {

concurrency/PriorityBlockingQueueDemo.java

@@ -10,15 +10,17 @@ Runnable, Comparable<PrioritizedTask>  {
   private final int id = counter++;
   private final int priority;
   protected static List<PrioritizedTask> sequence =
-    new ArrayList<PrioritizedTask>();
+    new ArrayList<>();
   public PrioritizedTask(int priority) {
     this.priority = priority;
     sequence.add(this);
   }
+  @Override
   public int compareTo(PrioritizedTask arg) {
     return priority < arg.priority ? 1 :
       (priority > arg.priority ? -1 : 0);
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(rand.nextInt(250));
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ Runnable, Comparable<PrioritizedTask>  {
     }
     print(this);
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return String.format("[%1$-3d]", priority) +
       " Task " + id;
@@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ Runnable, Comparable<PrioritizedTask>  {
       super(-1); // Lowest priority in this program
       exec = e;
     }
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       int count = 0;
       for(PrioritizedTask pt : sequence) {
@@ -63,6 +67,7 @@ class PrioritizedTaskProducer implements Runnable {
     queue = q;
     exec = e; // Used for EndSentinel
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     // Unbounded queue; never blocks.
     // Fill it up fast with random priorities:
@@ -94,6 +99,7 @@ class PrioritizedTaskConsumer implements Runnable {
     PriorityBlockingQueue<Runnable> q) {
     this.q = q;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted())
@@ -110,8 +116,8 @@ public class PriorityBlockingQueueDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
     PriorityBlockingQueue<Runnable> queue =
-      new PriorityBlockingQueue<Runnable>();
+      new PriorityBlockingQueue<>();
     exec.execute(new PrioritizedTaskProducer(queue, exec));
     exec.execute(new PrioritizedTaskConsumer(queue));
   }
-} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~
+} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~

concurrency/ReaderWriterList.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ public class ReaderWriterList<T> {
   private ReentrantReadWriteLock lock =
     new ReentrantReadWriteLock(true);
   public ReaderWriterList(int size, T initialValue) {
-    lockedList = new ArrayList<T>(
+    lockedList = new ArrayList<>(
       Collections.nCopies(size, initialValue));
   }
   public T set(int index, T element) {
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ class ReaderWriterListTest {
   private final static int SIZE = 100;
   private static Random rand = new Random(47);
   private ReaderWriterList<Integer> list =
-    new ReaderWriterList<Integer>(SIZE, 0);
+    new ReaderWriterList<>(SIZE, 0);
   private class Writer implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       try {
         for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { // 2 second test
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ class ReaderWriterListTest {
     }
   }
   private class Reader implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       try {
         while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -80,4 +82,4 @@ class ReaderWriterListTest {
     for(int i = 0; i < writers; i++)
       exec.execute(new Writer());
   }
-} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~
+} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~

concurrency/ResponsiveUI.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //: concurrency/ResponsiveUI.java
 // User interface responsiveness.
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 
 class UnresponsiveUI {
   private volatile double d = 1;
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ public class ResponsiveUI extends Thread {
     setDaemon(true);
     start();
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true) {
       d = d + (Math.PI + Math.E) / d;

concurrency/Restaurant.java

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@ import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 class Meal {
   private final int orderNum;
   public Meal(int orderNum) { this.orderNum = orderNum; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return "Meal " + orderNum; }
 }
 
 class WaitPerson implements Runnable {
   private Restaurant restaurant;
   public WaitPerson(Restaurant r) { restaurant = r; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ class Chef implements Runnable {
   private Restaurant restaurant;
   private int count = 0;
   public Chef(Restaurant r) { restaurant = r; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {

concurrency/SelfManaged.java

@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@ public class SelfManaged implements Runnable {
   private int countDown = 5;
   private Thread t = new Thread(this);
   public SelfManaged() { t.start(); }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return Thread.currentThread().getName() +
       "(" + countDown + "), ";
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true) {
       System.out.print(this);

concurrency/SemaphoreDemo.java

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ class CheckoutTask<T> implements Runnable {
   public CheckoutTask(Pool<T> pool) {
     this.pool = pool;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       T item = pool.checkOut();
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ class CheckoutTask<T> implements Runnable {
       // Acceptable way to terminate
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "CheckoutTask " + id + " ";
   }
@@ -31,13 +33,12 @@ class CheckoutTask<T> implements Runnable {
 public class SemaphoreDemo {
   final static int SIZE = 25;
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-    final Pool<Fat> pool =
+    final Pool<Fat> pool = new Pool<>(Fat.class, SIZE);
-      new Pool<Fat>(Fat.class, SIZE);
     ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
     for(int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
-      exec.execute(new CheckoutTask<Fat>(pool));
+      exec.execute(new CheckoutTask<>(pool));
     print("All CheckoutTasks created");
-    List<Fat> list = new ArrayList<Fat>();
+    List<Fat> list = new ArrayList<>();
     for(int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
       Fat f = pool.checkOut();
       printnb(i + ": main() thread checked out ");
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ public class SemaphoreDemo {
       list.add(f);
     }
     Future<?> blocked = exec.submit(new Runnable() {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         try {
           // Semaphore prevents additional checkout,

concurrency/SerialNumberChecker.java

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ public class SerialNumberChecker {
   private static ExecutorService exec =
     Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
   static class SerialChecker implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       while(true) {
         int serial =
@@ -60,4 +61,4 @@ public class SerialNumberChecker {
   }
 } /* Output: (Sample)
 Duplicate: 8468656
-*///:~
+*///:~

concurrency/SettingDefaultHandler.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //: concurrency/SettingDefaultHandler.java
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
 public class SettingDefaultHandler {
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ public class SettingDefaultHandler {
   }
 } /* Output:
 caught java.lang.RuntimeException
-*///:~
+*///:~

concurrency/SimpleDaemons.java

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 
 public class SimpleDaemons implements Runnable {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(true) {

concurrency/SimpleMicroBenchmark.java

@@ -8,11 +8,13 @@ abstract class Incrementable {
 }
 
 class SynchronizingTest extends Incrementable {
+  @Override
   public synchronized void increment() { ++counter; }
 }
 
 class LockingTest extends Incrementable {
   private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+  @Override
   public void increment() {
     lock.lock();
     try {

concurrency/SimplePriorities.java

@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ public class SimplePriorities implements Runnable {
   public SimplePriorities(int priority) {
     this.priority = priority;
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return Thread.currentThread() + ": " + countDown;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     Thread.currentThread().setPriority(priority);
     while(true) {
@@ -46,4 +48,4 @@ Thread[pool-1-thread-1,1,main]: 5
 Thread[pool-1-thread-5,1,main]: 5
 Thread[pool-1-thread-4,1,main]: 5
 ...
-*///:~
+*///:~

concurrency/SimpleThread.java

@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ public class SimpleThread extends Thread {
     super(Integer.toString(++threadCount));
     start();
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "#" + getName() + "(" + countDown + "), ";
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(true) {
       System.out.print(this);

concurrency/SleepingTask.java

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
 public class SleepingTask extends LiftOff {
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(countDown-- > 0) {
         System.out.print(status());
         // Old-style:
         // Thread.sleep(100);
-        // Java SE5/6-style:
+        // Java 5/6-style:
         TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
       }
     } catch(InterruptedException e) {

concurrency/SyncObject.java

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ public class SyncObject {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     final DualSynch ds = new DualSynch();
     new Thread() {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         ds.f();
       }

concurrency/SynchronizationComparisons.java

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ abstract class Accumulator {
   public abstract void accumulate();
   public abstract long read();
   private class Modifier implements Runnable {
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       for(long i = 0; i < cycles; i++)
         accumulate();
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ abstract class Accumulator {
   }
   private class Reader implements Runnable {
     private volatile long value;
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       for(long i = 0; i < cycles; i++)
         value = read();
@@ -73,10 +75,12 @@ abstract class Accumulator {
 
 class SynchronizedTest extends Accumulator {
   { id = "synch"; }
+  @Override
   public synchronized void accumulate() {
     value += preLoaded[index++];
     if(index >= SIZE) index = 0;
   }
+  @Override
   public synchronized long read() {
     return value;
   }
@@ -85,6 +89,7 @@ class SynchronizedTest extends Accumulator {
 class LockTest extends Accumulator {
   { id = "Lock"; }
   private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+  @Override
   public void accumulate() {
     lock.lock();
     try {
@@ -94,6 +99,7 @@ class LockTest extends Accumulator {
       lock.unlock();
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public long read() {
     lock.lock();
     try {
@@ -111,6 +117,7 @@ class AtomicTest extends Accumulator {
   // Relying on more than one Atomic at a time doesn't
   // work, so we still have to synchronize. But it gives
   // a performance indicator:
+  @Override
   public synchronized void accumulate() {
     int i;
     i = index.getAndIncrement();
@@ -118,7 +125,9 @@ class AtomicTest extends Accumulator {
     if(++i >= SIZE)
       index.set(0);
   }
+  @Override
   public synchronized long read() { return value.get(); }
+  @Override
   public void report(Accumulator acc2) {
     printf("%-22s: %.2f\n", "synch/(Atomic-synch)",
       (double)acc2.duration/

concurrency/SynchronizedEvenGenerator.java

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 //: concurrency/SynchronizedEvenGenerator.java
 // Simplifying mutexes with the synchronized keyword.
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 
 public class
 SynchronizedEvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
   private int currentEvenValue = 0;
+  @Override
   public synchronized int next() {
     ++currentEvenValue;
     Thread.yield(); // Cause failure faster

concurrency/TestBlockingQueues.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //: concurrency/TestBlockingQueues.java
-// {RunByHand}
+// {TimeOutDuringTesting}
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import java.io.*;
 import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ class LiftOffRunner implements Runnable {
       print("Interrupted during put()");
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -58,10 +59,10 @@ public class TestBlockingQueues {
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     test("LinkedBlockingQueue", // Unlimited size
-      new LinkedBlockingQueue<LiftOff>());
+      new LinkedBlockingQueue<>());
     test("ArrayBlockingQueue", // Fixed size
-      new ArrayBlockingQueue<LiftOff>(3));
+      new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3));
     test("SynchronousQueue", // Size of 1
-      new SynchronousQueue<LiftOff>());
+      new SynchronousQueue<>());
   }
 } ///:~

concurrency/ThreadLocalVariableHolder.java

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 class Accessor implements Runnable {
   private final int id;
   public Accessor(int idn) { id = idn; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     while(!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
       ThreadLocalVariableHolder.increment();
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ class Accessor implements Runnable {
       Thread.yield();
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "#" + id + ": " +
       ThreadLocalVariableHolder.get();
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ public class ThreadLocalVariableHolder {
   private static ThreadLocal<Integer> value =
     new ThreadLocal<Integer>() {
       private Random rand = new Random(47);
+      @Override
       protected synchronized Integer initialValue() {
         return rand.nextInt(10000);
       }

concurrency/ThreadVariations.java

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ class InnerThread1 {
       super(name);
       start();
     }
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       try {
         while(true) {
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ class InnerThread1 {
         print("interrupted");
       }
     }
+    @Override
     public String toString() {
       return getName() + ": " + countDown;
     }
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@ class InnerThread2 {
   private Thread t;
   public InnerThread2(String name) {
     t = new Thread(name) {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         try {
           while(true) {
@@ -49,6 +52,7 @@ class InnerThread2 {
           print("sleep() interrupted");
         }
       }
+      @Override
       public String toString() {
         return getName() + ": " + countDown;
       }
@@ -67,6 +71,7 @@ class InnerRunnable1 {
       t = new Thread(this, name);
       t.start();
     }
+    @Override
     public void run() {
       try {
         while(true) {
@@ -78,6 +83,7 @@ class InnerRunnable1 {
         print("sleep() interrupted");
       }
     }
+    @Override
     public String toString() {
       return t.getName() + ": " + countDown;
     }
@@ -93,6 +99,7 @@ class InnerRunnable2 {
   private Thread t;
   public InnerRunnable2(String name) {
     t = new Thread(new Runnable() {
+      @Override
       public void run() {
         try {
           while(true) {
@@ -104,6 +111,7 @@ class InnerRunnable2 {
           print("sleep() interrupted");
         }
       }
+      @Override
       public String toString() {
         return Thread.currentThread().getName() +
           ": " + countDown;
@@ -122,6 +130,7 @@ class ThreadMethod {
   public void runTask() {
     if(t == null) {
       t = new Thread(name) {
+        @Override
         public void run() {
           try {
             while(true) {
@@ -133,6 +142,7 @@ class ThreadMethod {
             print("sleep() interrupted");
           }
         }
+        @Override
         public String toString() {
           return getName() + ": " + countDown;
         }

concurrency/ToastOMatic.java

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ class Toast {
   public void jam() { status = Status.JAMMED; }
   public Status getStatus() { return status; }
   public int getId() { return id; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "Toast " + id + ": " + status;
   }
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ class Toaster implements Runnable {
   private int count = 0;
   private Random rand = new Random(47);
   public Toaster(ToastQueue tq) { toastQueue = tq; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -50,6 +52,7 @@ class Butterer implements Runnable {
     dryQueue = dry;
     butteredQueue = buttered;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -73,6 +76,7 @@ class Jammer implements Runnable {
     butteredQueue = buttered;
     finishedQueue = finished;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -96,6 +100,7 @@ class Eater implements Runnable {
   public Eater(ToastQueue finished) {
     finishedQueue = finished;
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {

concurrency/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+
+<project default="run">
+  <property name="chapter" value="concurrency"/>
+  <property name="excludedfiles" value=""/>
+  <import file="../Ant-Common.xml"/>
+
+  <target name="run" description="Compile and run" depends="build">
+    <touch file="failures"/>
+    <jrun cls="ActiveObjectDemo" />
+    <jrun cls="AtomicEvenGenerator" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="AtomicIntegerTest" />
+    <jrun cls="AtomicityTest" />
+    <jrun cls="AttemptLocking" />
+    <jrun cls="BankTellerSimulation" arguments='5' />
+    <jrun cls="BasicThreads" />
+    <jrun cls="CachedThreadPool" />
+    <jrun cls="CallableDemo" />
+    <jrun cls="CaptureUncaughtException" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="CarBuilder" />
+    <jrun cls="CloseResource" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="CountDownLatchDemo" />
+    <jrun cls="concurrency.CriticalSection" dirpath="../concurrency" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="DaemonFromFactory" />
+    <jrun cls="Daemons" />
+    <jrun cls="DaemonsDontRunFinally" />
+    <jrun cls="DeadlockingDiningPhilosophers" arguments='0 5 timeout' />
+    <jrun cls="DelayQueueDemo" />
+    <jrun cls="EvenGenerator" />
+    <jrun cls="ExceptionThread" failOnError='false' msg='* Exception was Expected *' />
+    <jrun cls="ExchangerDemo" />
+    <jrun cls="concurrency.ExplicitCriticalSection" dirpath="../concurrency" failOnError='false' msg='* Exception was Expected *' />
+    <jrun cls="FastSimulation" />
+    <jrun cls="FixedDiningPhilosophers" arguments='5 5 timeout' />
+    <jrun cls="FixedThreadPool" />
+    <jrun cls="GreenhouseScheduler" arguments='5000' />
+    <jrun cls="HorseRace" />
+    <jrun cls="Interrupting" />
+    <jrun cls="Interrupting2" />
+    <jrun cls="InterruptingIdiom" arguments='1100' />
+    <jrun cls="Joining" />
+    <jrun cls="ListComparisons" arguments='1 10 10' />
+    <jrun cls="MainThread" />
+    <jrun cls="MapComparisons" arguments='1 10 10' />
+    <jrun cls="MoreBasicThreads" />
+    <jrun cls="MultiLock" />
+    <jrun cls="MutexEvenGenerator" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="NaiveExceptionHandling" failOnError='false' msg='* Exception was Expected *' />
+    <jrun cls="NIOInterruption" />
+    <jrun cls="NotifyVsNotifyAll" />
+    <jrun cls="OrnamentalGarden" />
+    <jrun cls="PipedIO" />
+    <jrun cls="PriorityBlockingQueueDemo" />
+    <jrun cls="ReaderWriterList" />
+    <jrun cls="ResponsiveUI" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="Restaurant" />
+    <jrun cls="SelfManaged" />
+    <jrun cls="SemaphoreDemo" />
+    <jrun cls="SerialNumberChecker" arguments='4' />
+    <jrun cls="SettingDefaultHandler" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="SimpleDaemons" />
+    <jrun cls="SimpleMicroBenchmark" />
+    <jrun cls="SimplePriorities" />
+    <jrun cls="SimpleThread" />
+    <jrun cls="SingleThreadExecutor" />
+    <jrun cls="SleepingTask" />
+    <jrun cls="SynchronizationComparisons" />
+    <jrun cls="SynchronizedEvenGenerator" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="SyncObject" />
+    <jrun cls="TestBlockingQueues" failOnError='false' timeOut='4000' msg='* Timeout for Testing *' />
+    <jrun cls="ThreadLocalVariableHolder" />
+    <jrun cls="ThreadVariations" />
+    <jrun cls="ToastOMatic" />
+    <jrun cls="concurrency.restaurant2.RestaurantWithQueues" dirpath="../concurrency/restaurant2" arguments='5' />
+    <jrun cls="concurrency.waxomatic.WaxOMatic" dirpath="../concurrency/waxomatic" />
+    <jrun cls="concurrency.waxomatic2.WaxOMatic2" dirpath="../concurrency/waxomatic2" />
+    <delete file="failures"/>
+  </target>
+
+</project>

concurrency/restaurant2/RestaurantWithQueues.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ class Order { // (A data-transfer object)
   public Food item() { return food; }
   public Customer getCustomer() { return customer; }
   public WaitPerson getWaitPerson() { return waitPerson; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "Order: " + id + " item: " + food +
       " for: " + customer +
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ class Plate {
   }
   public Order getOrder() { return order; }
   public Food getFood() { return food; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return food.toString(); }
 }
 
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ class Customer implements Runnable {
   private final WaitPerson waitPerson;
   // Only one course at a time can be received:
   private SynchronousQueue<Plate> placeSetting =
-    new SynchronousQueue<Plate>();
+    new SynchronousQueue<>();
   public Customer(WaitPerson w) { waitPerson = w; }
   public void
   deliver(Plate p) throws InterruptedException {
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ class Customer implements Runnable {
     // eating the previous course:
     placeSetting.put(p);
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     for(Course course : Course.values()) {
       Food food = course.randomSelection();
@@ -70,6 +73,7 @@ class Customer implements Runnable {
     }
     print(this + "finished meal, leaving");
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "Customer " + id + " ";
   }
@@ -80,7 +84,7 @@ class WaitPerson implements Runnable {
   private final int id = counter++;
   private final Restaurant restaurant;
   BlockingQueue<Plate> filledOrders =
-    new LinkedBlockingQueue<Plate>();
+    new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
   public WaitPerson(Restaurant rest) { restaurant = rest; }
   public void placeOrder(Customer cust, Food food) {
     try {
@@ -91,6 +95,7 @@ class WaitPerson implements Runnable {
       print(this + " placeOrder interrupted");
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -106,6 +111,7 @@ class WaitPerson implements Runnable {
     }
     print(this + " off duty");
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "WaitPerson " + id + " ";
   }
@@ -117,6 +123,7 @@ class Chef implements Runnable {
   private final Restaurant restaurant;
   private static Random rand = new Random(47);
   public Chef(Restaurant rest) { restaurant = rest; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -133,17 +140,18 @@ class Chef implements Runnable {
     }
     print(this + " off duty");
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return "Chef " + id + " "; }
 }
 
 class Restaurant implements Runnable {
   private List<WaitPerson> waitPersons =
-    new ArrayList<WaitPerson>();
+    new ArrayList<>();
-  private List<Chef> chefs = new ArrayList<Chef>();
+  private List<Chef> chefs = new ArrayList<>();
   private ExecutorService exec;
   private static Random rand = new Random(47);
   BlockingQueue<Order>
-    orders = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Order>();
+    orders = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
   public Restaurant(ExecutorService e, int nWaitPersons,
     int nChefs) {
     exec = e;
@@ -158,6 +166,7 @@ class Restaurant implements Runnable {
       exec.execute(chef);
     }
   }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -203,4 +212,4 @@ WaitPerson 3 received VINDALOO delivering to Customer 0
 Customer 0 eating VINDALOO
 WaitPerson 0 received FRUIT delivering to Customer 1
 ...
-*///:~
+*///:~

concurrency/waxomatic/WaxOMatic.java

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ class Car {
 class WaxOn implements Runnable {
   private Car car;
   public WaxOn(Car c) { car = c; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ class WaxOn implements Runnable {
 class WaxOff implements Runnable {
   private Car car;
   public WaxOff(Car c) { car = c; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {

concurrency/waxomatic2/WaxOMatic2.java

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ class Car {
 class WaxOn implements Runnable {
   private Car car;
   public WaxOn(Car c) { car = c; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ class WaxOn implements Runnable {
 class WaxOff implements Runnable {
   private Car car;
   public WaxOff(Car c) { car = c; }
+  @Override
   public void run() {
     try {
       while(!Thread.interrupted()) {

containers/AssociativeArray.java

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ public class AssociativeArray<K,V> {
         return (V)pairs[i][1];
     return null; // Did not find key
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
     for(int i = 0; i < index; i++) {
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ public class AssociativeArray<K,V> {
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     AssociativeArray<String,String> map =
-      new AssociativeArray<String,String>(6);
+      new AssociativeArray<>(6);
     map.put("sky", "blue");
     map.put("grass", "green");
     map.put("ocean", "dancing");

containers/CanonicalMapping.java

@@ -5,12 +5,16 @@ import java.util.*;
 class Element {
   private String ident;
   public Element(String id) { ident = id; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() { return ident; }
+  @Override
   public int hashCode() { return ident.hashCode(); }
+  @Override
   public boolean equals(Object r) {
     return r instanceof Element &&
       ident.equals(((Element)r).ident);
   }
+  @Override
   protected void finalize() {
     System.out.println("Finalizing " +
       getClass().getSimpleName() + " " + ident);
@@ -32,8 +36,7 @@ public class CanonicalMapping {
     if(args.length > 0)
       size = new Integer(args[0]);
     Key[] keys = new Key[size];
-    WeakHashMap<Key,Value> map =
+    WeakHashMap<Key,Value> map = new WeakHashMap<>();
-      new WeakHashMap<Key,Value>();
     for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
       Key k = new Key(Integer.toString(i));
       Value v = new Value(Integer.toString(i));

containers/CollectionDataGeneration.java

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ import net.mindview.util.*;
 
 public class CollectionDataGeneration {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    System.out.println(new ArrayList<String>(
+    System.out.println(new ArrayList<>(
       CollectionData.list( // Convenience method
         new RandomGenerator.String(9), 10)));
-    System.out.println(new HashSet<Integer>(
+    System.out.println(new HashSet<>(
-      new CollectionData<Integer>(
+      new CollectionData<>(
         new RandomGenerator.Integer(), 10)));
   }
 } /* Output:
 [YNzbrnyGc, FOWZnTcQr, GseGZMmJM, RoEsuEcUO, neOEdLsmw, HLGEahKcx, rEqUCBbkI, naMesbtWH, kjUrUkZPg, wsqPzDyCy]
-[573, 4779, 871, 4367, 6090, 7882, 2017, 8037, 3455, 299]
+[2017, 3455, 4779, 871, 6090, 573, 7882, 299, 8037, 4367]
 *///:~

containers/CollectionDataTest.java

@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@ class Government implements Generator<String> {
     "distributing swords is no basis for a system of " +
     "government").split(" ");
   private int index;
+  @Override
   public String next() { return foundation[index++]; }
 }
 
 public class CollectionDataTest {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    Set<String> set = new LinkedHashSet<String>(
+    Set<String> set = new LinkedHashSet<>(
-      new CollectionData<String>(new Government(), 15));
+      new CollectionData<>(new Government(), 15));
     // Using the convenience method:
     set.addAll(CollectionData.list(new Government(), 15));
     System.out.println(set);

containers/CollectionMethods.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 
 public class CollectionMethods {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    Collection<String> c = new ArrayList<String>();
+    Collection<String> c = new ArrayList<>();
     c.addAll(Countries.names(6));
     c.add("ten");
     c.add("eleven");
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public class CollectionMethods {
     print("Collections.max(c) = " + Collections.max(c));
     print("Collections.min(c) = " + Collections.min(c));
     // Add a Collection to another Collection
-    Collection<String> c2 = new ArrayList<String>();
+    Collection<String> c2 = new ArrayList<>();
     c2.addAll(Countries.names(6));
     c.addAll(c2);
     print(c);
@@ -50,25 +50,25 @@ public class CollectionMethods {
     // in c2 that also appear in c3:
     c2.removeAll(c3);
     print("c2.isEmpty() = " +  c2.isEmpty());
-    c = new ArrayList<String>();
+    c = new ArrayList<>();
     c.addAll(Countries.names(6));
     print(c);
     c.clear(); // Remove all elements
     print("after c.clear():" + c);
   }
 } /* Output:
-[ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO, ten, eleven]
+[ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI, ten, eleven]
 Collections.max(c) = ten
 Collections.min(c) = ALGERIA
-[ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO, ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO]
+[ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI, ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI]
-[ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO, ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO]
+[ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI, ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI]
-[BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO, ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO]
+[BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI, ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI]
 [ten, eleven]
-[ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO]
+[ten, eleven, ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI]
 c.contains(BOTSWANA) = true
 c.containsAll(c2) = true
 [ANGOLA, BENIN]
 c2.isEmpty() = true
-[ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO]
+[ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI]
 after c.clear():[]
 *///:~

containers/CountedString.java

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
 
 public class CountedString {
   private static List<String> created =
-    new ArrayList<String>();
+    new ArrayList<>();
   private String s;
   private int id = 0;
   public CountedString(String str) {
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ public class CountedString {
       if(s2.equals(s))
         id++;
   }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "String: " + s + " id: " + id +
       " hashCode(): " + hashCode();
   }
+  @Override
   public int hashCode() {
     // The very simple approach:
     // return s.hashCode() * id;
@@ -30,6 +32,7 @@ public class CountedString {
     result = 37 * result + id;
     return result;
   }
+  @Override
   public boolean equals(Object o) {
     return o instanceof CountedString &&
       s.equals(((CountedString)o).s) &&
@@ -37,7 +40,7 @@ public class CountedString {
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     Map<CountedString,Integer> map =
-      new HashMap<CountedString,Integer>();
+      new HashMap<>();
     CountedString[] cs = new CountedString[5];
     for(int i = 0; i < cs.length; i++) {
       cs[i] = new CountedString("hi");

containers/DequeTest.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ public class DequeTest {
       deque.addLast(i);
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    Deque<Integer> di = new Deque<Integer>();
+    Deque<Integer> di = new Deque<>();
     fillTest(di);
     print(di);
     while(di.size() != 0)

containers/Enumerations.java

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ import net.mindview.util.*;
 public class Enumerations {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     Vector<String> v =
-      new Vector<String>(Countries.names(10));
+      new Vector<>(Countries.names(10));
     Enumeration<String> e = v.elements();
     while(e.hasMoreElements())
       System.out.print(e.nextElement() + ", ");
     // Produce an Enumeration from a Collection:
-    e = Collections.enumeration(new ArrayList<String>());
+    e = Collections.enumeration(new ArrayList<>());
   }
 } /* Output:
-ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI, CAMEROON, CAPE VERDE, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC,
+ALGERIA, ANGOLA, BENIN, BOTSWANA, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI, CAMEROON, CAPE VERDE, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, CHAD,
 *///:~

containers/FailFast.java

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 public class FailFast {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    Collection<String> c = new ArrayList<String>();
+    Collection<String> c = new ArrayList<>();
     Iterator<String> it = c.iterator();
     c.add("An object");
     try {

containers/FillingLists.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 class StringAddress {
   private String s;
   public StringAddress(String s) { this.s = s; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return super.toString() + " " + s;
   }
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ class StringAddress {
 
 public class FillingLists {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    List<StringAddress> list= new ArrayList<StringAddress>(
+    List<StringAddress> list = new ArrayList<>(
       Collections.nCopies(4, new StringAddress("Hello")));
     System.out.println(list);
     Collections.fill(list, new StringAddress("World!"));

containers/Groundhog.java

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 public class Groundhog {
   protected int number;
   public Groundhog(int n) { number = n; }
+  @Override
   public String toString() {
     return "Groundhog #" + number;
   }